... microtissues in vitro that integrate both cell types in complex 3D structures. We established conditions for simultaneous differentiation of cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells from human pluripotent stem cells following initial cardiac mesoderm induction. The endothelial cells expressed cardiac markers...

... formation Mesoderm induction Down syndrome Polycomb group proteins Xenopus During amphibian early development, mesoderm is formed through inductive signals emanating from endoderm cells of the vegetal hemisphere. The molecular basis of this inductive event has been extensively studied...

...Stephen A. Green; Rachael P. Norris; Mark Terasaki; Christopher J. Lowe FGFs act in vertebrate mesoderm induction and also play key roles in early mesoderm formation in ascidians and amphioxus. However, in sea urchins initial characterizations of FGF function do not support a role in early mesoderm...

... interests statement The authors declare no competing financial interests. 1 2 2010 © 2010. 2010 Zebrafish no tail Mesoderm induction Nodal signalling Transcriptional regulation Notochord During early zebrafish development a nodal morphogen gradient patterns the embryo...

... of undifferentiated ES cells. Instead,such manipulations restrict the ability of ES cells to commit to differentiation. ES cells lacking Fgf4 or treated with FGF receptor inhibitors resist neural and mesodermal induction, and are refractory to BMP-induced non-neural differentiation. Lineage commitment potential...

... an important role in embryonic patterning by regulating the production of a subset of active mature TGFβ proteins in specific sites. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 29 11 2004 ©2005. 2005 PACE4 TGFβ Mesoderm induction Vg1 In Xenopus , the initial...

...Maki Daniels; Kazuya Shimizu; Aaron M. Zorn; Shin-ichi Ohnuma Mesoderm induction and patterning are primarily regulated by the concentration of locally expressed morphogens such as members of the TGFβsuperfamily. Smad2 functions as a transcription factor to regulate expression of mesodermal genes...

.... Here, we show that activin, the function of which in mesoderm induction has hitherto been unclear, also plays a role in mesoderm formation. Inhibition of activin function using antisense morpholino oligonucleotides interferes with mesoderm formation in a concentration-dependent manner and also changes...

... ; Smad3 double homozygous mutants entirely lack mesoderm and fail to gastrulate. Collectively, these results demonstrate that dose-dependent Smad2 and Smad3 signals cooperatively mediate cell fate decisions in the early mouse embryo. 7 1 2004 © 2004. 2004 Mesoderm induction Smad2/3...

... members. The work confirms that derrière plays an important role in mesoderm formation and it illustrates the complex regulation to which inducing factors are subject. †Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 2 7 2002 © 2002. 2002 Xenopus Mesoderm induction...

...Peter M. Eimon; Richard M. Harland Derrière is a recently discovered member of the TGFβ superfamily that can induce mesoderm in explant assays and is expressed at the right time and location to mediate mesoderm induction in response to VegT during Xenopus embryogenesis. We show that the ability...

... ( Asashima et al., 1991 ; Fukui et al., 1994 ; Oda et al., 1995 ; Weeks and Melton, 1987 ), and earlier embryological work has suggested that mesoderm induction is initiated before the MBT ( Jones and Woodland, 1987 ) and hence before the onset of zygotic transcription ( Newport and Kirschner, 1982...

.... A. and Kimelman , D. ( 1994 ). Activin-mediated mesoderm induction requires FGF . Development 120 , 453 – 462 . 10.1242/dev.120.2.453 Crease , D. J. , Dyson , S. and Gurdon , J. B. ( 1998 ). Cooperation between the activin and Wnt pathways in the spatial control of organizer...

... B-Vg1 -mediated, but not by eFGF -mediated, mesoderm induction in animals caps. However, wild-type XHNF1 β mRNA does not trigger Xbra expression in animal caps. We conclude that XHNF1 β function is essential, though not sufficient, for mesoderm induction in the Xenopus embryo. REFERENCES...

...Eric Agius; Michael Oelgeschläger; Oliver Wessely; Caroline Kemp; E. M. De Robertis ABSTRACT In Xenopus , mesoderm induction by endoderm at the blastula stage is well documented, but the molecular nature of the endogenous inductive signals remains unknown. The carboxy-terminal fragment of Cerberus...

... regulator of mesoderm induction by ectopic TGFβ superfamily ligands and during endogenous patterning: ectopic expression of mutationally activated FAST-1, ectopic expression of dominant inhibitory FAST-1, and injection of a blocking antibody specific for FAST-1. Expression of constitutively...

... mesoderm of gastrulae. However, Xwnt8 is also expressed in the vegetal cells ( Lemaire and Gurdon 1994 ), so it could also be classed as an endodermal molecule. These data are consistent with the data from the disaggregation experiment, in that mesoderm induction is totally dependent on a VegT-generated...

... a dominant negative cleavage mutant Xnr2 (cmXnr2) to carry out loss-of-function experiments to explore the requirement for Xnr signaling in early amphibian embryogenesis, and the relationship between activin and Xnrs. cmXnr2 blocked mesoderm induction caused by Xnr , but not activin , RNA. In contrast...

... Mesoderm induction Cell migration Motility goosecoid Mix . 1 Activin FGF Adhesion Cell polarity Gastrula During amphibian gastrulation, several morphogenetic processes cooperate to transform a simple vesicle-like blastula into a multilayered structure representing the basic body plan...

... for fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) in mesoderm induction ( Kimelman and Kirschner, 1987 ), we blocked the mesoderm formation by the injection of mRNA encoding dominant negative Xenopus FGF receptor (XFD) at the 1-cell stage. As reported ( Amaya et al., 1991 ; Griffin et al., 1995 ), inhibition of FGF...