...Scott K. Tucker; Ritika Ghosal; Mary E. Swartz; Stephanie Zhang; Johann K. Eberhart ABSTRACT The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) coordinates metabolism and cell growth with environmental inputs. mTOR forms two functional complexes: mTORC1 and mTORC2. Proper development requires both...

...: Polyploidy is widespread in murine placental cell types. The transcription factor MYC supports polyploidy and prevents premature senescence in trophoblast giant cells. Placenta DNA damage Polyploidy Senescence Myc MTOR RDNA Nucleoli Cytokine signaling DNA replication Stowers...

...Deanne Francis; Alondra S. Burguete; Amin S. Ghabrial ABSTRACT Larval terminal cells of the Drosophila tracheal system generate extensive branched tubes, requiring a huge increase in apical membrane. We discovered that terminal cells compromised for apical membrane expansion – mTOR-vATPase axis...

... expression is downregulated after feeding and is related to activity of the insulin/Akt/mTOR network, suggesting that the bls family evolved in planarians as an additional mechanism for restricting cell number in nutrient-fluctuating environments. Although the three transcribed bls subfamilies ( bls2...

... of the nematode TORC1 complex, are necessary for animals to progress through each stage of post-embryonic development. Restoration of DAF-15 after depletion leads to resumed development. Ral RalGAP TSC Tuberous sclerosis complex MTOR MTORC1 American Cancer Society 10.13039/100000048 PF-16...

... to irreversible loss of vision. Here, we have tested the hypothesis that the mTOR pathway regulates the development of human RGCs and that its recruitment after injury facilitates axon regeneration. We observed that the mTOR pathway is active during RGC differentiation, and using the induced pluripotent stem cell...

...Delong Meng; Anderson R. Frank; Jenna L. Jewell ABSTRACT The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) senses nutrients and growth factors to coordinate cell growth, metabolism and autophagy. Extensive research has mapped the signaling pathways regulated by mTOR that are involved in human diseases...

... postnatal development and maturation of islets. Given that birth marks the first exposure to enteral nutrition, we investigated how nutrient-regulated signaling pathways influence postnatal islet development in mice. We performed loss-of-function studies of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), a highly...

...Jason S. L. Yu; Wei Cui Phosphatidylinositide 3 kinases (PI3Ks) and their downstream mediators AKT and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) constitute the core components of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling cascade, regulating cell proliferation, survival and metabolism. Although these functions...

...Christopher P. Zelinka; Leo Volkov; Zachary A. Goodman; Levi Todd; Isabella Palazzo; William A. Bishop; Andy J. Fischer We investigate the roles of mTor signaling in the formation of Müller glia-derived progenitor cells (MGPCs) in the chick retina. During embryonic development, pS6 (a readout...

.... However, the regulatory mechanisms of neural progenitor homeostasis remain poorly understood. Here, we show that mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is required for maintaining neural progenitor pools and plays a key role in mediating glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) signaling during brain development...

...) is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that controls cellular growth. Here we report that mTORC1 signaling is activated during limb cartilage development in the mouse embryo. Disruption of mTORC1 signaling through deletion of either mTOR or the associated protein Raptor greatly diminishes embryonic skeletal growth...

... specifically blocks the proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cells through an mTOR-mediated mechanism. By contrast, the identity and proliferation of retinal stem cells are insensitive to ND and mTOR inhibition. Re-feeding starved retinas in vitro rescues both proliferation and differentiation...

... palatal defects in ∼62% of pdgfra heterozygotes. Neural crest apoptosis partially underlies these ethanol-induced defects in pdgfra mutants, demonstrating a protective role for Pdgfra. This protective role is mediated by the PI3K/mTOR pathway. Collectively, our results suggest a model where combined...

...Ryan C. Russell; Chong Fang; Kun-Liang Guan The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a kinase that responds to a myriad of signals, ranging from nutrient availability and energy status, to cellular stressors, oxygen sensors and growth factors. The finely tuned response of mTOR to these stimuli...