Fig. 1. Centripetally migrating follicle cells reduce contact with the basement membrane. (A) Diagrams of stage 10A/10B egg chambers. Anterior to left. Leading centripetal follicle cells (FCs) in green, following centripetal FCs in turquoise, non-migratory mainbody FCs in dark gray. Stretch FCs ... More

Fig. 2. Representative images of centripetal migration milestones. (A-F) Changing morphology for each milestone shown with time points from time-lapse sequences, single midline section optical sections; FCs labeled with Myr::tdTomato (white). Each image set selected from a different egg chamber,... More

Fig. 3. Timeline of milestones for centripetal migration. (A) Milestones for centripetal migration shown along timeline (blue arrow), with average total elapsed time (red). Milestones I-VII (orange) are above the arrow, with a short description and instances observed ( n ). Timing of Milestone I... More

Fig. 4. Stretch FCs sporadically extend inward with leading FCs. (A-D) Digitally-rendered cross-sections at the stretch FC:centripetal FC interface, showing anterior volumetric projections of half egg chambers at the end of stage 10B. Stretch FC membranes labeled with UAS-Myr::GFP expression (wh... More

Fig. 5. shg depletion in follicle cells resulted in abnormal centripetal migration. (A-F) Double-stranded hairpin RNAs for luciferase (A,B) shg (C-F) were co-expressed with a GFP reporter (magenta) using the Flipout Gal4 system. Single midline optical sections show clones in or near centri... More

Fig. 6. Homozygous shg 2 mutant FCs disrupted early stages of centripetal migration. (A-C) Fixed egg chambers containing shg + homozygous control clone (A) or shg 2 homozygous mutant clones (B,C) in or near leading FCs, in a background of nuclear GFP + heterozygous FCs. Each row shows ... More

Fig. 7. Abnormal centripetal migration of wild-type FCs adjacent to homozygous s hg 1 mutant nurse cells. (A-C) Fixed egg chambers containing germ cell clones, either shg + homozygous control (A) or shg 1 homozygous mutant clones (B,C), in or near centripetal FCs, in a background of GFP ... More

Fig. 1. Ablation of spastin function in Spast KO/KO mice. (A) The Spast KO-first conditional ready allele. The FRT-lacZ-loxP-neo-FRT-loxP- Spast exon 5-loxP cassette was inserted into Spast intron 4. The dashed line represents alternative splicing from exon 4 to the beginning of the inse... More

Fig. 2. Spermatogenic defects due to knockout of Spast . (A-C) Testis weight (A), total daily sperm production (DSP) per testis (B) and epididymal sperm content (C) in Spast KO/KO mice (black circles) compared with Spast WT/WT controls (white circles) ( n ≥3 mice/genotype, mean±s.d.). ***... More

Fig. 3. Spastin is essential for correct meiotic division. (A) PAS-stained testis sections from Spast KO/KO mice had an increase in pyknotic spermatocytes (red arrows) in stage XII and I tubules. Green arrowheads indicate wide dispersion or misalignment of chromosomes. Black arrowheads indica... More

Fig. 4. Spastin is essential for formation of the acrosome. (A) The absence of spastin resulted in multiple defects during acrosome development as observed in PAS-stained testis sections. Red arrowheads indicate the presence of multiple acrosomal vesicles at the nuclear surface, and black arrowh... More

Fig. 5. Spastin is required for the maintenance of spermatid nuclear membrane integrity. (A-L) Transmission electron microscopy of developing spermatids from Spast WT/WT and Spast KO/KO mice. In Spast KO/KO mice, following the initiation of spermatid elongation, spermatids presented wit... More

Fig. 6. Spastin is a key regulator of manchette structure and dynamics. (A) PAS-stained testis sections showing normal elongating spermatids in Spast WT/WT mice and abnormal elongating spermatids in Spast KO/KO mouse testes (red arrowheads). Scale bars: 20 µm. (B) Spast WT/WT and Spast... More

Fig. 7. Proposed roles of spastin during spermatogenesis. Roles of spastin throughout the stages of spermatogenesis are visualised based on the data defined herein. Based on these data, we propose roles for spastin in chromosome alignment and segregation during meiosis, midbody abscission and nu... More