...Paola Betancur; Tatjana Sauka-Spengler; Marianne Bronner The otic placode, a specialized region of ectoderm, gives rise to components of the inner ear and shares many characteristics with the neural crest, including expression of the key transcription factor Sox10. Here, we show that in avian...

... in a murine Dachsous homolog, Dchs1 . Analysis of the phenotypes of Dchs1 mutant mice and comparisons with Fat4 mutant mice identify requirements for these genes in multiple organs, including the ear, kidney, skeleton, intestine, heart and lung. Dchs1 and Fat4 single mutants and Dchs1 Fat4 double mutants have...

...Leila Abbas; Tanya T. Whitfield Endolymph is the specialised extracellular fluid present inside the inner ear. In mammals, disruptions to endolymph homeostasis can result in either collapse or distension of the endolymphatic compartment in the cochlea, with concomitant hearing loss. The zebrafish...

...Rachael Brooker; Katsuto Hozumi; Julian Lewis Each of the sensory patches in the epithelium of the inner ear is a mosaic of hair cells and supporting cells. Notch signalling is thought to govern this pattern of differentiation through lateral inhibition. Recent experiments in the chick suggest...

...Keely S. Solomon; Tetsuhiro Kudoh; Igor B. Dawid; Andreas Fritz The otic placode is a transient embryonic structure that gives rise to the inner ear. Although inductive signals for otic placode formation have been characterized, less is known about the molecules that respond to these signals within...

.... A., Price, S. D., Vollrath, M. A., Ben-Arie, N., Eatock, R. A., Bellen, H. J., Lysakowski, A. and Zoghbi, H. Y. ( 1999 ). Math1 : an essential gene for the generation of inner ear hair cells. Science 284 , 1837 -1841. Buck, A., Kispert, A. and Kohlhase, J. ( 2001 ). Embryonic expression...

... under the control of the Pax2 locus. Midbrain and cerebellum development was entirely rescued in Pax25ki/5ki embryos. Pax5 could furthermore completely substitute for the Pax2 function during morphogenesis of the inner ear and genital tracts, despite the fact that the Pax5 transcript of the Pax25ki...

... sequence information present in the transgene for EGL expression ( Fig. 1A,B ). At E14.5, MATH1 protein is expressed in the sensory epithelium of the developing ear in the developing cochlea ( Bermingham et al., 1999 ) and semicircular canals ( Fig. 1C ). In an adjacent section, localization of β-gal...

...Catherine Haddon; Yun-Jin Jiang; Lucy Smithers; Julian Lewis ABSTRACT Mechanosensory hair cells in the sensory patches of the vertebrate ear are interspersed among supporting cells, forming a fine-grained pattern of alternating cell types. Analogies with Drosophila mechanosensory bristle...

...Julie Adam; Anna Myat; Isabelle Le Roux; Mark Eddison; Domingos Henrique; David Ish-Horowicz; Julian Lewis ABSTRACT The sensory patches in the vertebrate inner ear are similar in function to the mechanosensory bristles of a fly, and consist of a similar set of cell types. If they are truly...

... Ear Kidney The nine mammalian Pax genes can be grouped into four distinct classes based on their similarity in sequence and expression (reviewed by Stuart et al., 1994 ). The subfamily consisting of Pax2 ( Dressler et al., 1990 ), Pax5 (BSAP) ( Adams et al., 1992 ) and Pax8 ( Plachov...

... and spinal cord. Later expression of HrPax-258 in atrial primordia implies that basal chordates such as ascidians have already acquired a sensory organ that develops from epidermal thickenings (placodes) and expresses HrPax-258 ; we suggest it is homologous to the vertebrate ear. Therefore, placodes...

... affecting several aspects of ear development, including: specification of the otic placode, growth of the otic vesicle (otocyst), otolith formation, morphogenesis of the semicircular canals and differentiation of the otic capsule. Here we report initial phenotypic and genetic characterization of 20...

... by analyzing the relationships among the different structures involved during morphogenesis of the middle ear ( Figs 2 , 3 ). A primordium for the tympanic ring first becomes apparent by 13.5 dpc as a condensation ventral to the first pharyngeal cleft, lateral to Meckel’s cartilage ( Fig. 2A-C...

... that express goosecoid at earlier and later stages of development of the ear. Thus, both the mesenchyme surrounding the hyomandibular cleft at 10.5-12.5 days and also its derivatives, seen at 14.5 days as tissue around the eustachian tube and part of the exter-nal auditory meatus ( Hamilton and Mossman, 1972...