... microscopy dataset of the heads of live chick embryos. A bespoke DNN performed optimally, achieving classification up to 87.1% test accuracy. Saliency analyses identified features of the brain typically used to classify the sub-stages. These included the same features used by experts to define the sub-stages...

...-HPE). In this study, we have identified a previously unreported downstream mediator of retinoic acid (RA) signaling, CNKSR2 , which is expressed in the forebrain roof plate in the chick embryo. Knockdown of CNKSR2 affects invagination, cell proliferation and patterning of the roof plate, similar...

... these. Using experimental manipulation of early chick embryos, including misexpression of an inducer (VG1 or ACTIVIN) and an inhibitor (BMP4), we test two alternative models for their ability to explain how the site of primitive streak formation is positioned relative to the rest of the embryo. In one model...

... of analytical tools necessary to identify distinct relationships between hemodynamic parameters and the rapidly morphing pharyngeal arch manifold. Aortic arches Chick embryo Computational modeling Heart development Hemodynamics Mechanical forces National Science Foundation 10.13039...

.... , Konieczka , J. H. , Yatskievych , T. A. and Antin , P. B. ( 2006 ). MicroRNA expression during chick embryo development . Dev. Dyn.   235 , 3156 - 3165 . 10.1002/dvdy.20956 Dessaud , E. , Yang , L. L. , Hill , K. , Cox , B. , Ulloa , F. , Ribeiro...

... to promoter regions of actively transcribed genes to control H3K9 demethylation. Chick embryo Epigenetic marks Histone modification Otic placode Transcription factor Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council 10.13039/501100000268 BB/I021647/1 BB/M006964 National...

... the induction and patterning of chick sensory placodes. Chick embryo Quail graft Cell fate Sense organs Sensory ganglia Transcriptional networks Signalling Gene regulatory network King's College London 10.13039/501100000764 Action on Hearing Loss 10.13039/501100000703...

...-migratory NC cells, are required for NC delamination in Xenopus and chick embryos, whereas they do not affect the motile properties of migratory NC cells. Dact1/2 inhibit Wnt/β-catenin signalling upstream of the transcriptional activity of T cell factor (TCF), which is required for EMT to proceed. Dact1/2...

.... During the hypoxic stage, a large number of neural crest cells arise from the head neural tube by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). As EMT-like cancer dissemination can be promoted by hypoxia, we investigated whether hypoxia contributes to embryonic EMT. Using chick embryos, we show...

... to be required for nephron induction, also instructs the nephron axis such that glomeruli differentiate in regions farthest from the source of Wnt. Kidney development Nephron patterning Glomerulus Mesonephros Chick embryo Wnt signaling The kidney is a vital, bilateral organ that is the central...

... development. Here, we have developed novel molecular tools to characterize muscle cell fusion during chick embryo development. We show that all cell populations arising from somites fuse, but each with unique characteristics. Fusion in the trunk is slow and independent of fiber length. By contrast...

.... MicroRNA inhibition in chick embryos leads to increased BAF60a or BAF60b levels, a concomitant switch in BAF/Brg1 subunit composition and delayed myogenesis. The phenotypes are mimicked by sustained BAF60a or BAF60b expression and are rescued by morpholino knockdown of BAF60a or BAF60b. This suggests...

... attributed. Neural differentiation Transcriptome Cell cycle FGF signalling Chromatin Chick embryo Important mechanisms that regulate vertebrate neural differentiation have been identified, such as the lateral inhibition controlling neuron production ( Chitnis et al., 1995 ; Henrique et al...

...., 1993 ). In mouse E9.5 embryos and in chick embryos at the equivalent developmental stage (HH16), WNT1 and WNT3a mRNAs are specifically expressed in the roof plate of the neural tube. However, their transcripts are absent from migrating neural crest cells. It is possible that, despite the lack...

... and tubule components of the nephron could yield insights into the relationship between these components during nephron differentiation. Chick embryos were examined at stage 18 in the pronephric region for expression of Nphs2, the podocyte marker, and Lhx1, which marks both tubules and the nephric duct...

...Britannia M. Fleming; Ronit Yelin; Richard G. James; Thomas M. Schultheiss The intermediate mesoderm (IM) is the embryonic source of all kidney tissue in vertebrates. The factors that regulate the formation of the IM are not yet well understood. Through investigations in the chick embryo...

... specification Chick embryo Hox genes Kidney Mesoderm patterning Nephric duct The kidney is the primary organ responsible for maintaining the internal body environment in vertebrates. Up to three separate kidneys are formed sequentially during embryonic development (see Fig. 1G ). The first to form...

... determinants of polarity of the early amniote embryo. Embryonic polarity GATA factors Chick embryo Gastrulation Primitive streak formation Nodal Vg1 Gdf-1 Embryonic regulation Regeneration In most vertebrates, the site at which gastrulation is initiated is specified by cell interactions...

...: to serve as a mechanically passive substrate for the crawling mesoderm and to secrete various growth factors necessary for cardiac specification and differentiation. Here, using computational modeling and experiments on chick embryos, we present evidence supporting an active mechanical role...

.... Using chick embryos cultured ex ovo, we measured: (1) changes in tissue morphology in living embryos using optical coherence tomography (OCT); (2) morphogenetic strains (deformations) through the tracking of tissue labels; and (3) regional tissue stresses using changes in the geometry of circular wounds...