... understood. Here, we develop a time-lapse imaging strategy to measure the four cell cycle phases in single chick neural progenitor cells in their endogenous environment. We show that neural progenitors are widely heterogeneous with respect to cell cycle length. This variability in duration is distributed...

...) are among the most highly expressed genes in chick ( Hoang et al., 2020 ). Here, we investigate how FABPs and fatty acid synthase (FASN) influence glial cells in the chick retina. During development, FABP7 is highly expressed by retinal progenitor cells and maturing MG, whereas FABP5 is upregulated...

... preserve spatial information to derive the transcriptional states of migrating neural crest cells and the cellular landscape of the first four chick cranial to cardiac branchial arches (BA1-4) using label-free, unsorted single-cell RNA sequencing. The faithful capture of branchial arch-specific genes led...

... of daughter cells, such as a cone photoreceptor and a horizontal cell (HC). We used genome-wide assays of chromatin structure to compare the profiles of a restricted cone/HC RPC and those of other RPCs in chicks. These data nominated regions of regulatory activity, which were tested in tissue, leading...

...Lara Busby; Cristina Aceituno; Caitlin McQueen; Constance A. Rich; Maria A. Ros; Matthew Towers ABSTRACT Classical tissue recombination experiments performed in the chick embryo provide evidence that signals operating during early limb development specify the position and identity of feathers. Here...

... is still debated. Here, we identify a crucial role for the transcription factor PRDM1 in the orderly transition from epiblast to defined neural lineages in chick. PRDM1 is initially expressed broadly in the entire epiblast, but becomes gradually restricted as cell fates are specified. We find that PRDM1...

... studies suggested that pineal progenitors originate from the lateral border of the anterior neural plate. We show here, using gene expression and fate mapping/lineage tracing in zebrafish, that pineal progenitors originate, at least in part, from the non-neural ectoderm. Gene expression in chick indicates...

... Mechanobiology Chick Cerebral hemispheres account for the majority of brain volume in adult humans, and abnormalities during early development can result in dramatic downstream effects. Incomplete hemisphere division, or holoprosencephaly, represents the most common, and often lethal, brain malformation...

... miR-19b as crucial for restricting the expression of Wnt7b to the hem region in chick, where it defines the position of the hem and the hippocampus, revealing its importance in regulating avian forebrain patterning. miR-19b Wnt7b Chick Forebrain Hippocampus Hem The avian...

..., and the purinergic G-protein-coupled receptor GPR17 plays an essential role in this regulation. GPR17 is highly expressed in the ventral progenitor regions of the neural tube and acts as a negative regulator of the Shh signal in chick embryos. Although the activation of the GPR17-related signal inhibits ventral...

... that produces V2 interneurons. Knockdown of RNF220 and ZC4H2 in the chick spinal cord downregulates expression of the V2 interneuronal marker Chx10. Co-expression of RNF220 and ZC4H2 further promotes the ability of Nkx6.1 to induce ectopic Chx10 + V2 interneurons. Our results uncover a novel regulatory pathway...

... in the developing mouse and chick pallium, whereas stage-specific binary functions of Pax6 in neurogenesis are unique to mouse neuronal progenitors, consistent with Pax6-dependent temporal regulation of Notch signaling. Furthermore, we identified that Pax6-dependent enhancer activity of Dbx1 is extensively...

...Katsuki Mukaigasa; Chie Sakuma; Tomoaki Okada; Shunsaku Homma; Takako Shimada; Keiji Nishiyama; Noboru Sato; Hiroyuki Yaginuma In the developing chick embryo, a certain population of motor neurons (MNs) in the non-limb-innervating cervical spinal cord undergoes apoptosis between embryonic days 4...

.... To test this possibility, we combined embryological and molecular approaches in chick embryos to show that, at gastrula stage, adenohypophyseal precursors are clustered in the median preplacodal ectoderm, largely segregated from those of the adjacent olfactory placode. Median precursors are elongated...

... in the embryonic chick. Presumptive hypothalamic cells derive from the rostral diencephalic ventral midline, lie above the prechordal mesendoderm and express Fgf10 . Fgf10 + progenitors undergo anisotropic growth: those displaced rostrally differentiate into anterior cells, then those displaced caudally...

... and transcriptional inputs that act sequentially and/or in parallel. Using the chick embryo, we uncover novel genes in the gene regulatory network underlying otic commitment and reveal dynamic changes in gene expression. Functional analysis of selected transcription factors reveals the genetic hierarchy underlying...

... SA that has been reported in the developing retina ( Feller et al., 1996 ; Graeber et al., 2013 ), and in chick and zebrafish spinal motor neurons ( Law et al., 2014 ; Plazas et al., 2013 ; Wang et al., 2009 ), where in one case activity was thought to be regulated by recurrent synaptic excitation...

... declare no competing or financial interests. 15 3 2016 15 12 2016 © 2017. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2017 http://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Summary: Grafting experiments in chick wing buds show that autopod fate is intrinsically defined, while...

... tendons initiate their development independently of muscles; however, muscles are required for further tendon differentiation. We show that both FGF/ERK MAPK and TGFβ/SMAD2/3 signalling pathways are required and sufficient for SCX expression in chick undifferentiated limb cells, whereas the FGF/ERK MAPK...

... the ventral spinal MN axonal projections. STAM1 is co-expressed with HRS in embryonic spinal MNs, and knockdown of STAM1 in the developing chick spinal cord results in downregulation of CXCR4 expression, accompanied by dorsally projecting motor axons. Interestingly, overexpression of STAM1 or CXCR4 also...