... development. Mesoderm Gastrulation Brachyury Axial elongation Gastruloid EMT hiPSC National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000050 R01 HL114948 R01 HL155906 Roddenberry Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100009724 Additional...

... Theiler stage 12-13 mouse embryos to identify 8921 putative notochord enhancers. In addition, we established a new model for generating notochord-like cells in culture, and found 3728 of these enhancers occupied by the essential notochord control factors brachyury (T) and/or Foxa2. We describe...

... homozygous deletions of the Tbx transcription factor brachyury or inducible expression of Eomes. Resulting chimeric gastruloids recapitulate reported Eomes and brachyury functions, such as instructing cardiac fate and promoting posterior axial extension, respectively. Additionally, chimeric gastruloids...

... in the anterior notochord which transiently present prechordal plate features. Amphioxus Head mesoderm Notochord Goosecoid Brachyury Centre national de la recherche scientifique http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004794 Agence Nationale de la Recheche http://dx.doi.org/10.13039...

... is the prime organizing center for axial elongation in mouse embryos. The T-box transcription factor brachyury (T) is essential for both formation of the notochord and maintenance of NMPs, and thus is a key regulator of trunk and tail development. The T promoter controlling T expression in NMPs and nascent...

... between Wnt and Brachyury/Tbxt is required for NMps to retain mesodermal potential and, hence, normal axis development. We recently showed that Hox13 genes help to support body axis formation and to maintain the autoregulatory loop, although the direct Hox13 target genes were unknown. Here, using a new...

...Wendy M. Reeves; Kotaro Shimai; Konner M. Winkley; Michael T. Veeman ABSTRACT The notochord is a defining feature of the chordates. The transcription factor Brachyury (Bra) is a key regulator of notochord fate but here we show that it is not a unitary master regulator in the model chordate Ciona...

... Brachyury to allow mesoderm formation. Mutants lacking both hoxa13b and hoxd13a in combination with reduced Brachyury activity have synergistic posterior body defects, in the strongest case producing embryos with severe mesodermal defects that phenocopy brachyury null mutants. Our results provide a new way...

... is a secreted cystine-knot protein that functions in a positive feedback loop with FGF to activate Erk signaling and induce mesoderm. Wnt FGF Erk1 Akt Brachyury Nodal Antero-posterior axis Xenopus The vertebrate embryonic body plan forms via the specification of three germ layers...

..., suggesting that Rspo2 functions upstream of Mek1. The observed inhibition of FGF signaling was accompanied by the downregulation of the FGF target genes tbxt/brachyury and cdx4 , which mediate anterioposterior axis specification. Importantly, these target genes were upregulated in Rspo2-depleted explants...

..., are hard to tease apart in vivo . Using brachyury (Bra), a primitive streak and mesendoderm marker in mouse embryoid bodies (EBs), we studied how contact, biochemical cues and neighboring cell cues affect the positioning of a primitive streak-like locus and thus determine the anteroposterior axis. We show...

... and other genes (brachyury, Sox1 and Pmx1 ) in various mutant mouse embryos until the adult stage. This tracing of MSC origins and destinies indicates that embryonic MSCs emerge in waves and that almost all adult BM MSCs and WAT MSCs originate from mesoderm and embryonic Pdgfrα-positive cells. Furthermore...

...Marc D. Servetnick; Bailey Steinworth; Leslie S. Babonis; David Simmons; Miguel Salinas-Saavedra; Mark Q. Martindale ABSTRACT The mesoderm is a key novelty in animal evolution, although we understand little of how the mesoderm arose. brachyury , the founding member of the T-box gene family...

... Sox2, a pluripotency and neural progenitor marker, and the PS marker T, also known as brachyury ( Martin and Kimelman, 2012 ; Wilson et al., 2009 ). Although Sox2/T co-expressing regions have been documented in the PS region in mammals ( Tsakiridis et al., 2014 ), no study has demonstrated that Sox2/T...

.... The latter process depends on Xenopus Brachyury, the expression of which at the time of peak involution is controlled by signaling through the ephrin receptor, EphA4, its ligand ephrinB2 and its downstream effector p21-activated kinase. Our findings support a conserved role for Brachyury in blastopore...

...Diana S. José-Edwards; Izumi Oda-Ishii; Yutaka Nibu; Anna Di Gregorio T-box genes are potent regulators of mesoderm development in many metazoans. In chordate embryos, the T-box transcription factor Brachyury (Bra) is required for specification and differentiation of the notochord. In some...

... Cdx Vertebral patterning Axis elongation Brachyury Wnt3a Retinoic acid CYP26a1 Mouse The vertebrate Cdx family, Cdx1, Cdx2 and Cdx4 , encodes homeodomain transcription factors related to the Drosophila gene caudal ( cad ). Beginning at the late primitive streak stage [embryonic...

...Yale J. Passamaneck; Lavanya Katikala; Lorena Perrone; Matthew P. Dunn; Izumi Oda-Ishii; Anna Di Gregorio The notochord is a defining feature of the chordate body plan. Experiments in ascidian, frog and mouse embryos have shown that co-expression of Brachyury and FoxA class transcription factors...

... a clear sequence of events occurring in the process of germ-layer formation, using immunohistochemistry and time-lapse confocal imaging. The T-box transcription factor brachyury (T) and the Forkhead transcription factor Foxa2 specify mesoderm and endoderm in the posterior epiblast. Fate-specified epiblast...

...Holger Bielen; Sabine Oberleitner; Sylvain Marcellini; Lydia Gee; Patrick Lemaire; Hans R. Bode; Ralph Rupp; Ulrich Technau Homologues of the T-box gene Brachyury play important roles in mesoderm differentiation and other aspects of early development in all bilaterians. In the diploblast Hydra...