... in which the biomineral is deposited ( Fig. 5 A1). In tricaine-treated late gastrula stage embryos, the PMCs approximate the ring-and-cords pattern; however, there are a number of anomalies ( Fig. 5 A4), including breaks in the syncytial cable, ‘rogue’ PMCs that failed to incorporate into the syncytium...

... identify a conserved role in the formation of the skeleton in both processes. Echinoderm Biomineralization Regulatory networks Signalling Vegf Recently, several studies have established the brittle star Amphiura filiformis ( Afi ) as an experimental system for skeleton formation in both...

... a large suite of effector genes that control the morphogenetic behaviors and biomineral-forming activities of skeletogenic cells. To better understand the gene regulatory control of skeletogenesis by Alx1, we used genome-wide ChIP-seq to identify Alx1-binding sites and direct gene targets. Our analysis...

... content relative to tendon ( Schwartz et al., 2012 ). Due to these characteristics, mature entheses have been likened to arrested growth plates ( Thomopoulos et al., 2010 ). Biomineralization Fibrocartilage Indian hedgehog Lineage tracing Postnatal development Tendon enthesis Mouse...

... of biomineralization in metazoans. References Abmayr S. M. , Pavlath G. K. ( 2012 ). Myoblast fusion: lessons from flies and mice . Development 139 , 641 – 656 . Adams D. K. , Sewell M. A. , Angerer R. C. , Angerer L. M. ( 2011 ). Rapid adaptation to food...

... and controls downstream genes required for epithelial-mesenchymal transition and biomineralization. Expression of Alx1 is cell autonomous and regulated maternally through β-catenin and its downstream effector, Pmar1. Alx1 expression can be activated in other cell lineages at much later stages of development...

... enamel biomineralization. The present studies were designed to test the hypothesis that amelogenin as a supramolecular aggregate regulates crystal growth during enamel biomineralization. Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide strategy was used in a simple organ culture system to inhibit amelogenin translation...

... ), pp. 81 – 92 . New York : Alan R. Liss, Inc . Evans , J. , Bringas , P. , Nakamura , M. , Nakamura , E. , Santos , V. & Slavkin , H. C. ( 1988 ). Metabolic expression of intrinsic developmental programs for dentin and enamel biomineralization in serumless...

...Glenn L. Decker; William J. Lennarz 01 03 1988 © 1988 by Company of Biologists 1988 sea urchin spicule biomineralization skeleton glycoprotein cell ingression cell migration primary mesenchyme calcium m vitro Skeletogenesis, a key morphogenetic event...

... that granular substructures exist on the surface of the mineral component of the spicule and are not the result of chemical etching. 23 06 1987 © 1987 by Company of Biologists 1987 spicules biomineralization sea urchin development mesenchyme During gastrulation, the sea urchin...