...Neda Masoudi; Ralf Schnabel; Eviatar Yemini; Eduardo Leyva-Díaz; Oliver Hobert ABSTRACT Are there common mechanisms of neurogenesis used throughout an entire nervous system? We explored to what extent canonical proneural class I/II bHLH complexes are responsible for neurogenesis throughout...

... of inhibitor of differentiation (Id) factors. We have previously identified the major binding partner of Id proteins in pluripotent cells as the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor (TF) E2A. Id1 can prevent E2A from forming heterodimers with bHLH TFs or from forming homodimers. Here, we show...

... in the expression of Irx3 , Irx5 , Gli3 and Alx4 , all of which are upregulated in Hand2 limb conditional knockouts. A reduction of Hand2 and Shh gene dosage improves the integrity of anterior limb structures, validating the importance of the Twist-family bHLH dimer pool in limb morphogenesis. * Author...

... by alterations in Fgf8 and Shh pathway expression. Together, our data indicate that the extreme distal pharyngeal arch expression domain of Hand1 defines a novel bHLH-dependent activity, and that disruption of established Hand1 dimer phosphoregulation within this domain disrupts normal craniofacial patterning...

... genes act together to control H-cell gene expression. The l(1)sc bHLH gene is required for all H-cell-specific gene transcription, whereas tailup acts in parallel to l(1)sc and controls genes involved in dopamine metabolism. SoxNeuro functions downstream of l(1)sc and controls expression of a peptide...

... ) Competing interests statement The authors declare no competing financial interests. 7 3 2011 © 2011. 2011 Aglossia bHLH Craniofacial Hinge and caps Homeosis Neural crest cell Mouse Most of the craniofacial skeleton arises from neural crest cells (NCCs), including...

... been described in some detail for one dicot species, Arabidopsis , in which three paralogous bHLH transcription factors, FAMA, MUTE and SPCH, control discrete sequential stages in stomatal development. Orthologs of FAMA, MUTE and SPCH are present in other flowering plants. This observation...

...Ning Liu; Ana C. Barbosa; Shelby L. Chapman; Svetlana Bezprozvannaya; Xiaoxia Qi; James A. Richardson; Hiromi Yanagisawa; Eric N. Olson The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor Hand2 is required for growth and development of the heart, branchial arches and limb buds. To determine...

... 13, France 3 4 2008 © 2008. 2008 bHLH Proneural Dentate gyrus Hippocampus Mouse The dentate gyrus (DG) is, with the olfactory bulb, one of two regions of the mammalian brain where new neurons are added to existing neural circuits throughout adulthood ( Altman,1962...

... the neurogenic epithelium of the developing inner ear into specialized mechanosensory receptors. By Cre-loxP fate mapping, we show that vestibular sensory hair cells derive from a previously neurogenic region of the inner ear. The related bHLH genes Ngn1 ( Neurog1 ) and Math1 ( Atoh1 ) are required, respectively...

... for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 26 2 2007 © 2007. 2007 Telencephalon Diencephalon Interneuron Homeobox Enhancer Distal-less bHLH Mouse The establishment of a diversity of neuronal cell types in the central nervous system requires complex genetic regulatory...

..., how these subtypes arise remains largely unknown at the molecular level. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of Bhlhb5, a bHLH transcription factor of the Olig family, is tightly associated with the generation of selective GABAergic amacrine and Type 2 OFF-cone bipolar subtypes throughout...

... interacts with a subset of proneural bHLH proteins. Fig. 5. XHes2 promotes extra Müller cell production by affecting both glial cell birthdate and retinal precursor proliferation. (A-M) Analysis of BrdU incorporation (3 hour pulse) in retinal clones, following GFP or GFP plus XHes2 lipofection...

... and acting as organizing centers. We now report that in mice the bHLH factor Hes1 is persistently expressed at high levels by boundary cells but at variable levels by non-boundary cells. Expression levels of Hes1 display an inverse correlation to those of the proneural bHLH factor Mash1, suggesting...

...Elise Lamar; Chris Kintner The HES family of bHLH repressors plays a key role in regulating the differentiation of neural precursors in the vertebrate embryo. Members of the HES gene family are expressed in neural precursors as targets of the Notch signaling pathway, but how this occurs...

... populations (dI1-dI6) have been defined by expression of homeodomain factors and position in the dorsoventral axis. The bHLH transcription factors Mash1 and Ngn2 have distinct roles in specification of these neurons. Mash1 is necessary and sufficient for generation of most dI3 and all dI5 neurons...

... differentiated TuJ1 + neurons( Fig. 5E ). Expression of the Notch ligand gene Dll1 and the proneural bHLH genes Mash1 and Math3 , all of which are expressed by differentiating neurons, was highly upregulated in the double mutant( Fig. 5F-H ), compared to the wild type ( Fig. 5B-D ) at E9.25. It is likely...

...Alexis Tapanes-Castillo; Mary K. Baylies One of the first steps in embryonic mesodermal differentiation is allocation of cells to particular tissue fates. In Drosophila , this process of mesodermal subdivision requires regulation of the bHLH transcription factor Twist. During subdivision, Twist...

...Yuka Morikawa; Peter Cserjesi The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor HAND1 (also called eHAND) is expressed in numerous tissues during development including the heart, limbs, neural crest derivatives and extra-embryonic membranes. To investigate the role of Hand1 during development...

... process of neural precursor cell (NPC) selection by basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proneural transcription factors in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) by atonal related proteins (ARPs) presents an excellent model in which to address this issue. Proneural ARPs belong to two highly related groups...