... developmental processes in mice and humans, including development of the vertebrae. Based on conservation of function between Drosophila and mammals, Fat4-Dchs1 signalling has been proposed to regulate planar cell polarity (PCP) and activity of the Hippo effectors Yap and Taz, which regulate cell proliferation...

...Angeleen Fleming; Marcia G. Kishida; Charles B. Kimmel; Roger J. Keynes The segmented vertebral column comprises a repeat series of vertebrae, each consisting of two key components: the vertebral body (or centrum) and the vertebral arches. Despite being a defining feature of the vertebrates, much...

... novel requirements for Dchs1-Fat4 signaling in multiple organs. Competing interests statement The authors declare no competing financial interests. 9 12 2010 © 2011. 2011 Fat PCP Kidney Mouse Dchs1 Lung Sternum Vertebrae Ear Heart Studies in Drosophila have...

...Angeleen Fleming; Roger Keynes; David Tannahill The vertebrates are defined by their segmented vertebral column, and vertebral periodicity is thought to originate from embryonic segments, the somites. According to the widely accepted `resegmentation' model, a single vertebra forms from...

...-of- function mutants is presented, and compared with that of Hoxb8 - and Hoxc8 -null mice. Our analysis of single mutants reveals common features for the Hoxc8 and Hoxd8 genes in patterning lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. In the Hoxb8 mutant, more anterior axial regions are affected. The three paralogous...

... induces changes in axial patterns, e.g. anterior and posterior homeotic transformations of vertebrae. These morphological changes are accompanied by changes in the nonidentical, overlapping expression domains of Hox genes. In this report the influence of retinoic acid, administered at the end of and after...

... and anterior part of the tail, the dermatome of tail somites, the centrum and costal processes in developing vertebrae, a restricted region of facial mesenchyme and the limb-bud ectoderm. Supplementary studies of 9 ·5-day and 10 ·-5-day embryos showed that the same pattern of expression pertained in the neural...

...D. R. Johnson; P. O’Higgins; T. J. Mcandrew; L. M. Adams; R. M. Flinn ABSTRACT A method is described for recording and analysing the projected shape of mouse vertebrae. The image of the shape is captured by a television camera, cleaned, digitized and subjected to mathematical analysis. A visual...