...Chisato Kunitomi; Mayra Romero; Enrico Maria Daldello; Karen Schindler; Marco Conti ABSTRACT The RNA-binding protein cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding 1 (CPEB1) plays a fundamental role in regulating mRNA translation in oocytes. However, the specifics of how and which protein kinase...

.... , Carminati , E. , Kontogiannea , M. , Talarico , D. , Blasi , F. , Farookhi , R. and Verrotti , A. C. ( 2006 ). Clast4, the murine homologue of human eIF4E-Transporter, is highly expressed in developing oocytes and post-translationally modified at meiotic maturation . Gene 367...

... period termed meiotic prophase. In Drosophila males, meiotic prophase lasts 3.5 days, during which spermatocytes upregulate over 1800 genes and grow 25-fold. Previous work has shown that the cell cycle regulator Cyclin B (CycB) is subject to translational repression in immature spermatocytes, mediated...

... that suppression of untimely translational activation of maternal mRNAs via deadenylation by CCR4–NOT is essential for proper oocyte maturation. Fig. 4. Genes with CPE in their 3′UTRs are translationally activated in CNOT7&8 KO oocytes. (A) Enrichment analysis of cis-regulatory elements on mRNA 3′UTRs...

... migration processes. Therefore, local translation of ERM-1 could be sensitive to incoming signals or developmental needs. As an example of this concept, the mRNA encoding PCNT (pericentrin) in human cells and zebrafish embryos localizes co-translationally to dividing centrosomes during early mitosis...

..., and revealed four modes of translational selectivity: (1) selective translation of non-abundant mRNAs; (2) active, but modest translation of a selection of highly expressed mRNAs; (3) translationally suppressed abundant to moderately abundant mRNAs; and (4) mRNAs associated specifically with monosomes...

... on translationally repressed mRNAs with short polyA-tails ( Kim and Richter, 2007 ). This suggests that mRNAs bound by the Zar1l RNP could potentially be controlled by regulated polyadenylation during later developmental states. In addition to the aforementioned proteins, many of the identified Zar1l interaction...

...Mansour Aboelenain; Karen Schindler ABSTRACT Mammalian oocytes are transcriptionally quiescent, and meiosis and early embryonic divisions rely on translation of stored maternal mRNAs. Activation of these mRNAs is mediated by polyadenylation. Cytoplasmic polyadenylation binding element 1 (CPEB1...

... translationally repressed. In addition to the highest number of SunTag-hb mRNA translation sites being detected at nc13, analysis of the number of ribosomes translating the mRNAs in nc13 and 14 reveals that SunTag-hb mRNAs are more heavily translated in nc13. In nc14, the low number of mRNAs...

... Translation Parkinson's disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative movement disorder resulting from progressive loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the midbrain. The relatively focal degeneration makes it a good candidate for cell-based therapies. Since the first clinical trials using fetal...

...Nathalie Oulhen; S. Zachary Swartz; Jessica Laird; Alexandra Mascaro; Gary M. Wessel Stem cells in animals often exhibit a slow cell cycle and/or low transcriptional activity referred to as quiescence. Here, we report that the translational activity in the primordial germ cells (PGCs) of the sea...

... Human Organoid Pluripotency Translation Inspired by the success of the first meeting two years ago, Development and The Company of Biologists held the second ‘From Stem Cells to Human Development’ meeting in September 2016 in historic Southbridge (Massachusetts, USA). From the first human...

... is essential for: (1) general mRNA translation during embryogenesis, (2) developmental re-programming upon manipulations to the embryo and (3) larval wound healing. We also learned that Vasa interacted with mRNAs in the perinuclear area and at the spindle in an Importin-dependent manner during cell cycle...

... of which can lead to developmental defects and disease. Here, we examine the spectrum of molecular mechanisms controlling Hox gene expression in model vertebrates and invertebrates and find that a diverse range of mechanisms, including nuclear dynamics, RNA processing, microRNA and translational regulation...

... differentiation and partners with the serine/threonine kinase Fused to reduce levels of the Dpp receptor Tkv in cystoblasts ( Casanueva and Ferguson, 2004 ; Xia et al., 2010 ). The TRIM-NHL domain protein Brat also functions in cystoblasts, serving to translationally repress Mad expression ( Harris et al., 2011...

... as a positive regulator of target gene expression ( Kaye et al., 2009 ). GLD-1 is also a translational repressor ( Jan et al., 1999 ) with many target mRNAs ( Wright et al., 2010 ) and roles in both sex determination and meiotic progression ( Francis et al., 1995b ). gld-1 is itself both positively...

...Solenn Patalano; Marija Mihailovich; Yaiza Belacortu; Nuria Paricio; Fátima Gebauer Dosage compensation in Drosophila melanogaster involves the assembly of the MSL-2-containing dosage compensation complex (DCC) on the single X chromosome of male flies. Translational repression of msl-2 mRNA blocks...

...Charles R. Tessier; Kendal Broadie Fragile X Syndrome (FraX) is a broad-spectrum neurological disorder with symptoms ranging from hyperexcitability to mental retardation and autism. Loss of the fragile X mental retardation 1 ( fmr1 ) gene product,the mRNA-binding translational regulator FMRP...

... translation. The molecular basis of how the translation of mRNAs encoding guidance proteins could be closely tied to the pace of cytoskeletal assembly is poorly understood. Previous studies have shown that the F-actin-microtubule crosslinker Short stop (Shot) is required for motor and sensory axon extension...

... to a meiotic checkpoint, activated by a delay in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair during oogenesis, Vas is post-translationally modified, and this corresponds to a downregulation in Grk protein accumulation( Ghabrial and Schüpbach,1999 ). In previous work, we identified a translation factor dIF2, now...