... change. Our data support distinct, reproductively isolated lineages within the clade. We find that changes in genes associated with thyroid signaling and craniofacial development provided a foundational shift in evolution to the lake. The thyroid axis is further implicated in subsequent lineage...

...Benoit Haerlingen; Robert Opitz; Isabelle Vandernoot; Angelo Molinaro; Meghna Parakkal Shankar; Pierre Gillotay; Achim Trubiroha; Sabine Costagliola ABSTRACT Thyroid tissue, the site of de novo thyroid hormone biosynthesis, is derived from ventral pharyngeal endoderm and defects in morphogenesis...

...Shawn Liang; Ellen Johansson; Guillermo Barila; Daniel L. Altschuler; Henrik Fagman; Mikael Nilsson ABSTRACT The developmental program that regulates thyroid progenitor cell proliferation is largely unknown. Here, we show that branching-like morphogenesis is a driving force to attain final size...

... of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) through stimulation of developmental signaling pathways can generate mature somatic cell types for basic laboratory studies or regenerative therapies. However, there has been significant uncertainty regarding a method to separately derive lung versus thyroid epithelial lineages...

...Mikael Nilsson; Henrik Fagman Thyroid hormones are crucial for organismal development and homeostasis. In humans, untreated congenital hypothyroidism due to thyroid agenesis inevitably leads to cretinism, which comprises irreversible brain dysfunction and dwarfism. Elucidating how the thyroid gland...

... E. Pierreux Thyroid follicles, the functional units of the thyroid gland, are delineated by a monolayer of thyrocytes resting on a continuous basement membrane. The developmental mechanisms of folliculogenesis, whereby follicles are formed by the reorganization of a non-structured mass of non...

...Thomas Wendl; Dejan Adzic; Jeffrey J. Schoenebeck; Steffen Scholpp; Michael Brand; Deborah Yelon; Klaus B. Rohr The thyroid is an endocrine gland in all vertebrates that develops from the ventral floor of the anterior pharyngeal endoderm. Unravelling the molecular mechanisms of thyroid development...

...Burkhard Alt; Osama A. Elsalini; Pamela Schrumpf; Nele Haufs; Nathan D. Lawson; Georg C. Schwabe; Stefan Mundlos; Annette Grüters; Heiko Krude; Klaus B. Rohr During vertebrate development, the thyroid gland undergoes a unique relocalisation from its site of induction to a distant species-specific...

...Thomas Wendl; Klaus Lun; Marina Mione; Jack Favor; Michael Brand; Stephen W. Wilson; Klaus B. Rohr The thyroid gland is an organ primarily composed of endoderm-derived follicular cells. Although disturbed embryonic development of the thyroid gland leads to congenital hypothyroidism in humans...

... Eya1 impairs early developmental processes in multiple organs, including ear, kidney and skeletal system. We have now examined the role of Eya1 during the morphogenesis of organs derived from the pharyngeal region, including thymus, parathyroid and thyroid. The thymus and parathyroid are derived from...

... are detected in liver, thyroid and endothelial precursor cells. A null mutation was introduced into the Hex locus by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. Hex mutant embryos exhibit varying degrees of anterior truncation as well as liver and thyroid dysplasia. The liver diverticulum is formed...

... differentiation of the surrounding pharyngeal arch and pouch tissues. Hoxa-3 mutant mice are athymic and show thyroid hypoplasia. Thymus development is first evident as an expansion of mesenchymal neural crest in the posterior part of the 3rd pharyngeal pouch. Prior to this expansion, a marked reduction in pax-1...

...Domenico Lazzaro; Melanie Price; Mario De Felice; Roberto Di Lauro ABSTRACT TTF-1, a homeodomain-containing transcription factor, which is required for the specific expression of the thyroglobulin and thyroperoxidase gene promoters in differentiated thyroid cell lines, is expressed at the very...