...Veronique Duboc; Fatima A. Sulaiman; Eleanor Feneck; Anna Kucharska; Donald Bell; Muriel Holder-Espinasse; Malcolm P. O. Logan ABSTRACT We dissect genetically a gene regulatory network that involves the transcription factors Tbx4 , Pitx1 and Isl1 acting cooperatively to establish the hindlimb bud...

...Deepak Jain; Stephen Nemec; Maëva Luxey; Yves Gauthier; Amandine Bemmo; Aurelio Balsalobre; Jacques Drouin ABSTRACT In tetrapods, Tbx4 , Tbx5 and Hox cluster genes are crucial for forelimb and hindlimb development and mutations in these genes are responsible for congenital limb defects...

... is also necessary for normal expression of Tbx4, a transcription factor required for normal hindlimb development. Despite the importance of this protein in these processes, little is known about its mechanism of action. Using a transgenic gene replacement strategy in a Pitx1 mutant mouse, we have...

...Douglas B. Menke; Catherine Guenther; David M. Kingsley The Tbx4 transcription factor is crucial for normal hindlimb and vascular development, yet little is known about how its highly conserved expression patterns are generated. We have used comparative genomics and functional scanning...

...L. A. Naiche; Virginia E. Papaioannou Tbx4 is a crucial gene in the initiation of hindlimb development and has been reported as a determinant of hindlimb identity and a presumptive direct regulator of Fgf10 in the limb. Using a conditional allele of Tbx4 , we have ablated Tbx4 function before...

...L. A. Naiche; Virginia E. Papaioannou Tbx4 is a member of the T-box family of transcription factor genes, which have been shown to play important roles in development. We have ablated Tbx4 function using targeted mutagenesis in the mouse. Embryos homozygous for the null allele fail to undergo...

...Jun K. Takeuchi; Kazuko Koshiba-Takeuchi; Takayuki Suzuki; Mika Kamimura; Keiko Ogura; Toshihiko Ogura A tight loop between members of the fibroblast growth factor and the Wnt families plays a key role in the initiation of vertebrate limb development. We show for the first time that Tbx5 and Tbx4...

... endoderm formation. Tbx4 , a member of the T-box transcription factor gene family, was specifically expressed in the visceral mesoderm of the lung primordium. To analyze the function of Tbx4, we ectopically expressed Tbx4 in the visceral mesoderm of the foregut using in ovo electroporation. Ectopic Tbx4...

...Daisuke Saito; Sayuri Yonei-Tamura; Kohko Kano; Hiroyuki Ide; Koji Tamura Limb-type-specific expression of Tbx5/Tbx4 plays a key role in drawing distinction between a forelimb and a hindlimb. Here, we show insights into specification and determination during commitment of limb-type identity...

..., Tbx4 and Tbx5 , is primarily restricted to the developing hindlimbs and forelimbs, respectively. In this report, we investigate the role of these genes in limb specification and development, using the chick as a model system. We induced the formation of ectopic limbs in the flank of chick embryos...

... halves with scales and claws in the posterior halves. To study the mechanisms underlying the chimerism of these additional limbs, we cloned chick Tbx5 and Tbx4 to use as forelimb and hindlimb markers and examined their expression patterns in FGF-induced limb buds. We found that Tbx5 and Tbx4 were...