... and signalling pathways that may play a role in its development. For one of these, the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway, we show that co-receptors Gas1 , Cdon and Boc are highly expressed in the VL and act to enhance the Shh signal from the forming incisor region. In Gas1 mutant mice, expression of Gli1...

... in A,B. Unpaired Student's t -test. Data are mean±s.d. (F,H,J,L,M). E, epithelium; M, mesenchyme; Shh, sonic hedgehog; Smo, smoothened; ShhCKO , sonic hedgehog conditional knockout. To identify single embryonic cells that express HH signaling components and relate their expression to known cell...

... regulates the timing of a motor neuron-oligodendrocyte switch and oligodendrocyte lineage cell identity in the zebrafish spinal cord by dampening Shh activity in pMN progenitors. Sonic hedgehog Motor neurons Oligodendrocytes pMN progenitors Spinal cord Zebrafish Oligodendrocytes, one...

... gene-environment interactions in birth defect etiology limits our ability to identify and eliminate avoidable risks. We present mouse models of sonic hedgehog signaling and craniofacial malformations to illustrate both the importance of and current challenges in resolving gene-environment interactions...

...Pengcheng Ma; Tao An; Liang Zhu; Longlong Zhang; Huishan Wang; Biyu Ren; Bin Sun; Xia Zhou; Yan Li; Bingyu Mao; Sally Dunwoodie; John Wallingford ABSTRACT Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling is essential for proliferation of cerebellar granule neuron progenitors (CGNPs) and its mis-regulation is linked...

...Sandii Constable; Alyssa B. Long; Katharine A. Floyd; Stéphane Schurmans; Tamara Caspary ABSTRACT Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signal transduction specifies ventral cell fates in the neural tube and is mediated by the Gli transcription factors that play both activator (GliA) and repressor (GliR) roles...

... utilised multiple genetic approaches to investigate local temporospatial requirements for sonic hedgehog (SHH) signalling during tongue development. Mice lacking a Shh cis -enhancer, MFCS4 ( ShhMFCS4/− ), with reduced SHH in dorsal tongue epithelium have perturbed lingual septum tendon formation...

...Atsuki Yatsuzuka; Akiko Hori; Minori Kadoya; Mami Matsuo-Takasaki; Toru Kondo; Noriaki Sasai ABSTRACT Dorsal-ventral pattern formation of the neural tube is regulated by temporal and spatial activities of extracellular signalling molecules. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) assigns ventral neural subtypes via...

... to specific locations in pharyngeal arch (PA) 1 and 2, to form the malleus-incus and stapes, respectively. It is unclear how migratory NCCs reach their proper destination in the PA and initiate mesenchymal condensation to form specific ossicles. We show that secreted molecules sonic hedgehog (SHH) and bone...

... climbing or mossy fiber inputs to the cerebellum. Gli3 , a zinc-finger transcription factor in the Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway, is an important regulator of dorsal brain development. We demonstrate that in Gli3 -null mutant mice, disrupted neuronal migratory streams lead to a disorganization...

.... , Hill , R. and Krumlauf , R. ( 1999 ). Identification of sonic hedgehog as a candidate gene responsible for the polydactylous mouse mutant Sasquatch . Curr. Biol.   9 , 97 - 100 . 10.1016/S0960-9822(99)80022-0 Theiler , K. ( 1989 ). The House Mouse: Atlas of Embryonic...

...Gabriela Carreno; John R. Apps; Emily J. Lodge; Leonidas Panousopoulos; Scott Haston; Jose Mario Gonzalez-Meljem; Heidi Hahn; Cynthia L. Andoniadou; Juan Pedro Martinez-Barbera Sonic hedgehog (SHH) is an essential morphogenetic signal that dictates cell fate decisions in several developing organs...

... lip morphogenesis is limited. Here, we show in mice that sonic hedgehog (Shh)-induced proliferation of cranial neural crest cell (cNCC) mesenchyme is required for upper lip closure. Gene expression profiling revealed a subset of Forkhead box (Fox) genes that are regulated by Shh signaling during lip...

... output to a narrow distal regenerate zone comprising pObs and adjacent motile basal epidermal cells. This Hh/Smo activity is driven by epidermal Sonic hedgehog a (Shha) rather than Ob-derived Indian hedgehog a (Ihha), which nevertheless functions atypically to support bone maturation. Using BMS-833923...

... the neural crest and endoderm influences thymus and parathyroid cell fate establishment and subsequent organogenesis. Sonic hedgehog Smoothened Thymus Parathyroid Endoderm Neural crest Morphogenesis Mouse In mice, thymus and parathyroid organogenesis begins at E9.5, when the third...

... of Sonic hedgehog gene in regenerating newt limb blastemas recapitulates that in developing limb buds . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA   94 , 9159 - 9164 . 10.1073/pnas.94.17.9159 Kragl , M. , Knapp , D. , Nacu , E. , Khattak , S. , Maden , M. , Epperlein , H. H. and Tanaka...

... growth and differentiation. Hypothalamus development Anterior hypothalamus Rx3 Sonic hedgehog Tuberal hypothalamus Zebrafish hypothalamus The hypothalamus is an ancient part of the ventral forebrain. It centrally regulates homeostatic processes that are essential to survival...

... transformation of gill arches. Tetrapod limbs are patterned by a sonic hedgehog ( Shh )-expressing signalling centre known as the zone of polarising activity, which establishes the anteroposterior axis of the limb bud and maintains proliferative expansion of limb endoskeletal progenitors. Here, we use loss...

.... These recombinations led to abnormally large and ectopically positioned ganglia. We hypothesized that sonic hedgehog (Shh), a secreted intestinal epithelial protein not expressed in the bursa, mediates this effect. Inhibition of Shh signaling, by addition of cyclopamine or a function-blocking antibody, resulted...

... a set of principles for morphogen-patterned tissues. Bicoid Drosophila blastoderm Gene regulatory network Morphogen interpretation Sonic hedgehog Vertebrate neural tube The importance of gradients in developing embryos and regenerating tissue has long been recognized. From initial...