... gastrulation. The transcription factors Snail2 (Slug), Snail1 and Twist1 are expressed in this region. It is known that Snail2 and Twist1 are required for both mesoderm formation and neural crest induction. Using targeted blastomere injection, morpholino-based loss of function and explant studies, we show...

... the importance of considering the order of exposure to signals during an inductive event. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 30 12 2008 © 2009. 2009 Neural crest induction Mesoderm Wnt BMP Slug Sox2 The neural crest (NC) is a cell population...

... crest (NC) at neurula stages, and in NC derivatives and other dorsal structures during tailbud stages. A prominent consequence of the morpholino-induced inhibition of Lrig3 expression was impaired NC formation, as revealed by the suppression of marker genes, including Slug , Sox9 and Foxd3. In the NC...

.... * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 4 9 2007 © 2007. 2007 Dkk Kremen LRP6 Mesd Slug Sox10 Wnt Xenopus The canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade is an evolutionarily conserved and ancient pathway playing major roles during animal...

... encodes transcriptional repressors that play essential roles in the growth and patterning of vertebrate embryos. Here we report the functions of Snail ( Snai1 ) and Slug ( Snai2 ) genes during palate development in mice. Snai2 -/- mice exhibit cleft palate, which is completely penetrant on a Snai1...

...Ann E. Vernon; Carole LaBonne The neural crest is a population of stem-cell-like precursors found only in vertebrates. Slug, a member of the Snail family of zincfinger transcriptional repressors, is a critical regulator of neural crest development and has also been implicated in the acquisition...

...Daisuke Sakai; Takashi Suzuki; Noriko Osumi; Yoshio Wakamatsu In neural crest formation, transcription factors, such as group E Sox and Snail1 / Snail2 ( Slug ) regulate subsequent epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration. In particular, Sox9 has a strong effect on neural crest...

... to this work 2 2 2005 ©2005. 2005 Xenopus Neural crest Id3 Myc Wnt Slug Stem cell Neural crest precursor cells arise at the lateral edges of the neural plate as early as mid-gastrulation (Knecht and Bronner-Fraser, 2001). Around the time of neural tube closure, these cells...

... conditional gain- and loss-of-function experiments using different msx1 constructs fused to a glucocorticoid receptor element to avoid an early effect of this factor. We show that msx1 expression is able to induce all other early neural crest markers tested ( snail,slug, foxd3 ) at the time of neural crest...

... of the Snail family, Snail and Slug , have both been implicated in this cascade. In chick and Xenopus , loss- and gain-of-function experiments have provided evidence that Slug plays a key role in neural crest development. However, in contrast to the chick, Snail rather than Slug is expressed...

... of the border between neural plate and epidermis. Dlx Neural crest Neural induction Xenopus hairy2a slug snail msx © 2003. 2003 10 10 2002 ‡ Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) References Adamska, M., Leger, S., Brand, M., Hadrys, T...

...Marta G. del Barrio; M. Angela Nieto The Snail gene family of transcription factors plays crucial roles in different morphogenetic processes during the development of vertebrate and invertebrate embryos. In previous studies of function interference for one of the family members, Slug , we showed...

... and embryos were cultured for 9 hours until stage 9 ( Fig. 9 C,D). This resulted in a clear decrease in Slug -positive cells (12/16 cases), consistent with previous observations in transgenic mouse embryos ( Kanzler et al., 2000 ) (see Discussion). To determine the role of Notch signaling on Bmp4...

[email protected] ) 6 7 2001 © 2001. 2001 Xenopus Xwnt Frizzled Neural crest Xfz3 Slug Vertebrate embryo Melanocyte More than 20 Wnt genes have been identified to date and roles for many of these extracellular ligands have been defined in the control of embryonic patterning...

... region starts at the late gastrula stage in a manner similar to that of Slug , and overlaps with that of Zic-r1 . When overexpressed in the embryo and in ectodermal explants, FoxD3 induces expression of neural crest markers. Attenuation of FoxD3-related signaling by a dominant-negative FoxD3 construct...

... Slug TGFβ The neural crest (NC) arises in the lateral tips of the neural folds that become the dorsal midline upon formation of the neural tube. Its importance stems from the immense variety of derivatives that this discrete group of cells yields during ontogeny, such as all the glia and most...

... in vivo was preceded by a partial or total reduction in the expression of cadherin-6B and rhoB but not in the expression of slug mRNA or protein. Altogether, these results suggest that a coordinated activity of Noggin and BMP4 in the dorsal neural tube triggers delamination of specified, slug -expressing...

... of neurulation in chick embryos. Notochords or Shh-secreting cells are able to prevent neural crest formation at open neural plate levels, as assayed by DiI-labeling and expression of the transcription factor, Slug , suggesting that neural crest cells are not committed to their fate at this time. In contrast...

... by Wnt signals. Overexpression of the zinc finger transcription factor Slug, one of the earliest markers of neural crest formation, is insufficient for neural crest induction. Slug-expressing ectoderm will generate neural crest in the presence of Wnt or FGF-like signals, however, bypassing the need...

... ) 18 04 1997 © 1997 by Company of Biologists 1997 eIF4A slug neural folds neural induction PKC GF109203X expression cloning An early decision with far-reaching consequences in the development of the Xenopus embryo is the subdivision of the neurectoderm...