... expression is regulated differently between these two lineages. In the B5.1 lineage, Snail was activated through Tbx6.b , which is activated by maternal factors, including Zic-r.a. In the B6.4 lineage, the MAPK pathway was cell-autonomously activated by a constitutively active form of Raf, enabling Zic-r.a...

... in regulating timed splicing of newly synthesized mRNA molecules. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) Competing interests statement The authors declare no competing financial interests. 5 3 2012 © 2012. HOW Raf Cdk12 Prp40 Neurexin IV...

...Gautam Kao; Simon Tuck; David Baillie; Meera V. Sundaram Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) can both positively and negatively influence the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, but its relevant substrates are largely unknown. In C. elegans , the PR55/B regulatory subunit of PP2A, which is encoded by sur...

...Lihui Yang; Nicholas E. Baker ABSTRACT The Drosophila EGF receptor is required for differentiation of many cell types during eye development. We have used mosaic analysis with definitive null mutations to analyze the effects of complete absence of EGFR, Ras or Raf proteins during eye development...

... by Company of Biologists 1999 Drosophila Signal transduction DER Raf MAPK Rhomboid The Drosophila EGF receptor (DER) belongs to a large family of transmembrane receptors with intrinsic kinase activity known as receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Following ligand binding...

...Willis Li; Michael Melnick; Norbert Perrimon ABSTRACT The small guanine nucleotide binding protein p21 Ras plays an important role in the activation of the Raf kinase. However, the precise mechanism by which Raf is activated remains unclear. It has been proposed that the sole function of p21 Ras...

...Willis Li; Efthimios M. C. Skoulakis; Ronald L. Davis; Norbert Perrimon ABSTRACT 14-3-3 proteins have been shown to interact with Raf-1 and cause its activation when overexpressed. However, their precise role in Raf-1 activation is still enigmatic, as they are ubiquitously present in cells...

...Fernando J. Diaz-Benjumea; Ernst Hafen ABSTRACT In Drosophila , Drk, an SH2 adaptor protein, Sos, a putative activator of Ras1, Ras1, raf and rolled/MAP kinase have been shown to be required for signalling from the sevenless and the torso receptor tyrosine kinase. From these studies, it was unclear...