... of airway length and diameter, as the embryonic airways initially lack the fractal scaling observed in the adult. In monolayers and tubes, directional growth can be regulated by the planar cell polarity (PCP) complex. Here, we characterized the roles of PCP complex components in airway initiation...

...Annabel Ebbing; Teije C. Middelkoop; Marco C. Betist; Eduard Bodewes; Hendrik C. Korswagen ABSTRACT Directional migration of neurons and neuronal precursor cells is a central process in nervous system development. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans , the two Q neuroblasts polarize and migrate...

... signaling is essential for establishing otocyst dorsal polarity, and that at least two intracellular pathways are involved: a canonical pSMAD pathway, and a non-canonical pathway that activates PKA and increases the GLI3R/GLI3FL ratio by increasing the amount of GLI3R present in the dorsal otocyst...

...Robert Odell Stephenson; Yojiro Yamanaka; Janet Rossant The first two cell lineages in the mouse, the surface trophectoderm (TE) and inner cell mass (ICM), are morphologically distinguishable by E3.5, with the outer TE forming a polarized epithelial layer enclosing the apolar ICM. We show here...

...John H. F. Bothwell; Jolanta Kisielewska; Martin J. Genner; Martin R. McAinsh; Colin Brownlee Zygotes of the fucoid brown algae provide excellent models for addressing fundamental questions about zygotic symmetry breaking. Although the acquisition of polarity is tightly coordinated with the timing...

... that endoderm differentiation and endoderm-specific gene expression, such as expression of laminin 1 subunits, is controlled by GATA6 induced by FGF. Subsequently,differentiation of the non-polar primitive ectoderm into columnar epithelium of the epiblast is induced by laminin 1. Using GATA6 transformed Lamc1...

... to the cleavage furrow. This supports previous work showing the polarized distribution of other cellular components in early cleavage stages of the sea urchin ( Wolpert and Mercer, 1963 ; Yazaki, 1984 ; Yazaki and Uemura, 1989 ). A polarized distribution of the Na/K pump has been reported in trophectoderm cells...

... of these observations to the rearrangement of cell-cell contacts and cytoskeletal organization seen during compaction at the 8-cell stage is discussed and a possible role for protein kinase C in the generation of cell polarity proposed. 20 02 1989 © 1989 by Company of Biologists 1989 compaction...

...F. Giraldez; J. J. Represa; Luisa Borondo; E. Barbosa ABSTRACT The otic vesicle consists of a pseudostratified epithelium with some features of transporting epithelia. The present work questions whether Na-pumps are polarized in this epithelium and what is the relation between the location...

... fractions 5 and 6. When dental papillae were cultured on Millipore filters coated either with protein fraction 2 or fraction 6, the mesenchymal cells in contact with the filter elongated, polarized and demonstrated a high metabolic activity. Such modifications in the cell organization, implying changes...

.... Continuous application from the late 2-cell or early 4-cell stages allowed cell flattening and surface polarization to occur in most embryos and advanced development of these features in many of them. Cell coupling developed only when drug addition was delayed until the mid 4-cell stage, and cytoplasmic...

...Martin H. Johnson; Bernard Maro; Masatoshi Takeichi ABSTRACT A detailed investigation into the activity of the homotypic, Ca 2+ -dependent cell-cell adhesion system (CDS) m the early mouse embryo has revealed its involvement in (i) the synchronizing of the time of polarization of 8-cell blastomeres...

...Martin H. Johnson; Bernard Maro ABSTRACT Pairs of 8-cell or 16-cell blastomeres were cultured for up to 9h after their formation from isolated 1/4 or 1/8 blastomeres respectively. Blastomeres were examined for the incidence and orientation of their surface polarity, as assessed by binding of FITC...

...Hester P. M. Pratt ABSTRACT The preimplantation mouse blastocyst consists of two differentiated tissues, the troph-ectoderm (a structurally and functionally polarized epithelium) and the inner cell mass. The divergence of these two cell types can be traced back to a contact dependent polarization...

... of aphidicolin from G 1 of the 4-cell stage resulted in inhibition of DNA replication and prevention of division from 4 to 8 cells, but was without effect on the timing or incidence of cell flattening, surface polarization and cytoplasmic polarization. The continuous presence of aphidicolin from G x of the 2...