... insights into their role in the pathogenesis of solid cancers. Cell cycle Embryogenesis Epigenetic modification of chromatin MEIS PBX Post-transcriptional and posttranslational control Solid cancer Ever since their discovery, MEIS (myeloid ectopic viral integration site) genes have been...

... or Pbx and Hox genes, respectively. (C) Following specification, patterning and condensation of the superstructure precursors, they differentiate and become integral to the substructure anlagen, thus producing a complex three-dimensional cartilaginous template that is unique to each long bone...

..., dorsal-ventral and medial-lateral axes. Wnt and several Hox genes are expressed at the posterior pole, whereas Wnt inhibitory genes, Fgf inhibitory genes, and prep , which encodes a TALE-family homeodomain protein, are expressed at the anterior pole. We found that Smed-pbx ( pbx for short), which encodes...

... controlling limb morphogenesis have limited influence on scapula formation. Analysis of mouse mutants for Pbx and Emx2 genes has suggested their potential roles in girdle development. In this study, by generating compound mutant mice, we examined the genetic control of scapula development by Pbx genes...

... contribution to distinct regulatory pathways in cardiovascular development. † Authors for correspondence (e-mails: [email protected] ; [email protected] ) * These authors contributed equally to this work 8 9 2008 © 2008. 2008 Pbx Hox Pax3 Msx2 Heart development...

... myogenic program is modulated to achieve muscle fiber-type-specific gene expression. Pbx homeodomain proteins mark promoters of a subset of Myod target genes,including myogenin ( Myog ); thus, Pbx proteins might modulate the program of myogenesis driven by Myod. By inhibiting Pbx function in zebrafish...

...Gianluca Deflorian; Natascia Tiso; Elisabetta Ferretti; Dirk Meyer; Francesco Blasi; Marino Bortolussi; Francesco Argenton In this study we analysed the function of the Meinox gene prep1.1 during zebrafish development. Meinox proteins form heterotrimeric complexes with Hox and Pbx members...

... to a larger family of non-Hox homeodomain proteins. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 7 11 2002 © 2003. 2003 Drosophila Embryogenesis Homeodomain Transcription Repressor Cofactor Pbx Meis The engrailed ( en ) gene is a homeobox...

... the expression of as yet unknown molecules required for differential affinities between proximal and distal cells. Distal-less Dlx extradenticle homothorax Meis Msx Pbx Antenna Audition Brain Branchial arch Dentition Ear Hematopoiesis Interneuron Leg Limb Neural crest...

...Seong-Kyu Choe; Nikolaos Vlachakis; Charles G. Sagerström Meis homeodomain proteins function as Hox-cofactors by binding Pbx and Hox proteins to form multimeric complexes that control transcription of genes involved in development and differentiation. It is not known what role Meis proteins play...

..., and probably function by revealing the intrinsic specificity of Hox proteins. Vertebrate orthologs of Exd and Hth, known as Pbx and Meis (named for a myeloid ecotropic leukemia virus integration site), respectively, are encoded by multigene families and are present in multimeric complexes together...

... of Hoxa3 expression through a conserved auto/cross-regulatory loop. This block of similarity is also present in the human and horn shark loci, and contains two bipartite Hox/Pbx-binding sites that are necessary for its in vivo activity in the hindbrain. These HOX/PBC sites are positioned near a conserved...

... have been important during animal evolution ( Lewis, 1978 ; Kenyon, 1994 ; Warren et al., 1994 ; Burke et al., 1995 ; Weatherbee et al., 1998 ). homothorax MEIS Hox extradenticle pbx Drosophila melanogaster © 1999 by Company of Biologists 1999 26 08 1999...

... or its vertebrate homologs, the pbx proteins (together, the PBC family). Here we show that a two basepair change in a Hox-PBC binding site switches the Hox-dependent expression pattern generated in vivo, from labial to Deformed . The change in vivo correlates with an altered Hox binding specificity...

...Lucy T. C. Peltenburg; Cornelis Murre ABSTRACT Two classes of homeodomain proteins, Hox and Engrailed, have been shown to act in concert with the atypical homeodomain proteins Pbx and extradenticle. We now show that specific residues located within the Pbx homeodomain are essential for cooperative...