...Michael L. Kaufman; Noah B. Goodson; Ko Uoon Park; Michael Schwanke; Emma Office; Sophia R. Schneider; Joy Abraham; Austin Hensley; Kenneth L. Jones; Joseph A. Brzezinski ABSTRACT During retinal development, a large subset of progenitors upregulates the transcription factor Otx2 , which is required...

... signaling. Entry into the germline requires activation of a naïve-like pluripotency gene regulatory network (GRN). Recent work has shown that suppression of OTX2 expression in the epiblast by BMP4 allows cells to develop a PGC fate in a precise temporal window. However, the mechanisms by which OTX2...

... to the identification of many cis -regulatory modules (CRMs) active in cone/HC RPCs and developing cones. Two transcription factors, Otx2 and Oc1, were found to bind to many of these CRMs, including those near genes important for cone development and function, and their binding sites were required for activity. We also...

... cellular contexts. Considering the limited number of TFs in the genome and the tremendous number of events that need to be regulated, re-use of TFs is necessary. We analyzed how the expression of the homeobox TF, orthodenticle homeobox 2 (Otx2), is regulated in a cell type- and stage-specific manner during...

...Yumeko Satou; Kohei Minami; Erina Hosono; Hajime Okada; Yuuri Yasuoka; Takashi Shibano; Toshiaki Tanaka; Masanori Taira ABSTRACT The homeodomain transcription factor Otx2 has essential roles in head and eye formation via the negative and positive regulation of its target genes, but it remains...

... binding regions of five major TFs. Analysis of in vivo biotinylated ZIC2, OTX2, SOX2, POU5F1 and POU3F1 binding in EpiSCs identified several new features. (1) Megabase-scale genomic domains rich in ZIC2 peaks and genes alternate with those rich in POU3F1 but sparse in genes, reflecting the clustering...

...Chi Kin Ip; Nicolas Fossat; Vanessa Jones; Thomas Lamonerie; Patrick P. L. Tam The Otx2 gene encodes a paired-type homeobox transcription factor that is essential for the induction and the patterning of the anterior structures in the mouse embryo. Otx2 knockout embryos fail to form a head. Whereas...

... ), Otx2 ( Millet et al., 1996 ), Ptf1a (ChEST1028o4), Lhx9 (Alessio Delogu, King’s College London, UK), Gdf7 ( Broom et al., 2012 ), Gbx2 ( Kiecker and Lumsden, 2004 ), Fgf8 and Sprouty2 ( Chambers et al., 2000 ); and mouse probes for: Atoh1 (Albert Basson, King’s College London, UK), Lhx9...

... with specialized identity and fate. These events are controlled by signals emitted by organizing centers and interpreted by target progenitors, which activate superimposing waves of intrinsic factors restricting their identity and fate. The transcription factor Otx2 plays a crucial role in mesencephalic...

... considerable advances, the molecular mechanism controlling the ESC state and pluripotency transition from ESCs to EpiSCs have not been fully elucidated. Here we show that Otx2, a transcription factor essential for brain development, plays a crucial role in ESCs and EpiSCs. Otx2 is required to maintain the ESC...

... the epiblast state and ANP development depending on their balance. Analyses of the effects of knockdown and overexpression of these factors in EpiSCs on the levels of downstream transcription factors identified the following regulatory functions: cross-regulation among Zic, Otx2, Sox2 and Pou factors...

...N. Abimbola Sunmonu; Kairong Li; Qiuxia Guo; James Y. H. Li In vertebrates, the common expression border of two homeobox genes, Otx2 and Gbx2 , demarcates the prospective midbrain-hindbrain border (MHB) in the neural plate at the end of gastrulation. The presence of a compartment boundary...

...Zsuzsa Agoston; Dorothea Schulte The transcription factor Otx2 is expressed throughout the anterior neuroectoderm and is required for the formation of all forebrain- and midbrain-derived structures. The molecular determinants that cooperate with Otx2 to subdivide its expression domain into distinct...

.... We show that Otx2 provides the crucial anterior-posterior positional information for the generation of red nucleus neurons in the murine midbrain. Moreover, the homeodomain transcription factor Nkx6-1 controls the proper development of the red nucleus and of the oculomotor and trochlear nucleus...

... (PD). Prospective cell transplantation therapies for PD require full knowledge of the developmental pathways that control mdDA neurogenesis. We have previously shown that Otx2 is required for the establishment of the mesencephalic field and molecular code of the entire ventral mesencephalon (VM). Here...

..., T. A. and Forrest, D. ( 2001 ). A thyroid hormone receptor that is required for the development of green cone photoreceptors. Nat. Genet. 27 , 94 -98. Nishida, A., Furukawa, A., Koike, C., Tano, Y., Aizawa, S.,Matsuo, I. and Furukawa, T. ( 2003 ). Otx2 homeobox gene controls retinal...

... neurogenic activity and generate mesDA neurons in vitro. By contrast, sorted caudal FP cells have no neurogenic potential, as previously thought. Analysis of dreher mutant mice carrying a mutation in the Lmx1a locus and transgenic mice ectopically expressing Otx2 in caudal FP cells demonstrated that Otx2...

... expression, Fgf8 is required to maintain, rather than induce, the posterior boundary of Otx expression. This maintenance is enough to allow cerebellar differentiation. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 9 3 2006 © 2006. 2006 Cerebellum Fgf8 Otx2...

... in close vicinity to developing midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Here, we show that Wnt1 regulates the genetic network, including Otx2 and Nkx2-2, that is required for the establishment of the midbrain dopaminergic progenitor domain during embryonic development. In addition, Wnt1 is required for the terminal...

... ©2005. 2005 Midbrain-hindbrain boundary Isthmic organizer Lineage restriction Neuromeres segments Zebrafish Mesencephalon Metencephalon otx2 gbx1 fgf8 The developing central nervous system is compartmentalized at the neural tube stage into discrete units, so-called...