... factor NKX3.2 underlie spondylo-megaepiphyseal-metaphyseal dysplasia (SMMD), which is characterized by skeletal defects including scoliosis, large epiphyses, wide growth plates and supernumerary distal limb joints. Whereas nkx3.2 knockdown zebrafish and mouse Nkx3.2 mutants display embryonic lethal jaw...

... and extensive in vivo validation in transgenic embryos, which identified many new heart enhancers and their associated TF motifs. Our results implicate many new TFs in late stages of heart development, including Bagpipe, an Nkx3.2 ortholog, which we show is essential for differentiated heart function. Fig. 4...

... that SHH-mediated induction of Nkx3.2 maintains the competence of somitic cells to initiate chondrogenesis in response to subsequent BMP signals by repressing BMP-dependent induction of GATA genes. Conversely, administration of BMP signals to PSM or forced expression of GATA family members in chick PSM...

... . * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) Competing interests statement 16 6 2010 © 2010. 5-HT2B Xbap Bapx1 Nkx3.2 Craniofacial morphogenesis Jaw joint Neural crest cells Xenopus Serotonin Craniofacial morphogenesis is a complex...

..., expression of Nkx3.2/Bapx1 in the growth plate is restricted to the proliferative zone and is downregulated as chondrocyte maturation begins. Nkx3.2/Bapx1 expression is lost in the growth plates of mice engineered to lack PTHrP signaling and, conversely, is maintained by ectopic expression of PTHrP...

... and paraxial mesoderm and observed a strong upregulation of Nodal and its target genes Pitx2 and Nkx3.2 . In addition Cfc , the Nodal type II receptor ActrIIa and Snr were found to depend on BMP signaling for their expression. Comparison of the expression domains of Nodal , Bmp2 , Car and Cfc revealed co...