...Dorothea Schulte; Dirk Geerts ABSTRACT MEIS transcription factors are key regulators of embryonic development and cancer. Research on MEIS genes in the embryo and in stem cell systems has revealed novel and surprising mechanisms by which these proteins control gene expression. This Primer...

... forelimb by integrating developmental signals to regulate MEIS expression. Meis Mouse limb development Polycomb Proximal-distal specification RING1 Polycomb group (PcG) genes were originally identified as encoding regulators of Hox genes in Drosophila and are evolutionarily conserved...

... and hence robustness of limb development. If this were the case, it should be noted that only an initial pulse of FGF, enough to trigger the first PD subdivision, would be necessary for the timing mechanism to act, because our results show that after the Meis -Hoxa11 transition, continuous FGF signaling...

... of distal transformation. They also have nuclear MEIS, which can act as an upper arm identity regulator, only upon upper arm amputation. By contrast, myogenic cells do not obey the rule of distal transformation and display nuclear MEIS upon amputation at any proximo-distal level. These results indicate...

... RPCs throughout the period of neurogenesis in the retina, whereas Meis2 is specific for RPCs prior to the onset of retinal differentiation. Transfection of Meis-inactivating constructs impaired RPC proliferation and led to microphthalmia. RNA-interference-mediated knock-down of expression indicated...

... chondrogenesis and, acting as a member of Meinox-Pbc-Hox trimers, it plays an essential role in hindbrain development. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: francesco.argenton@unipd.it ) 27 10 2003 © 2004. 2004 Vertebrate Zebrafish Hox Pbx Meis Prep Rhombomere Segmentation...

..., J. and Krause, H. M. ( 1998 ). Dynamic changes in the functions of Odd-skipped during early Drosophila embryogenesis. Development 125 , 4851 -4861. Shanmugam, K., Green, N. C., Rambaldi, I., Saragovi, H. U. and Featherstone, M. S. ( 1999 ). PBX and MEIS as non-DNA-binding partners...

... propose revising the vertebrate nomenclature to reflect phylogenetic relationships among the Dlx genes. *Author for correspondence (e-mail: gepangan@facstaff.wisc.edu ) 5 7 2002 © 2002. 2002 Distal-less Dlx extradenticle homothorax Meis Msx Pbx Antenna...

...Seong-Kyu Choe; Nikolaos Vlachakis; Charles G. Sagerström Meis homeodomain proteins function as Hox-cofactors by binding Pbx and Hox proteins to form multimeric complexes that control transcription of genes involved in development and differentiation. It is not known what role Meis proteins play...

..., and probably function by revealing the intrinsic specificity of Hox proteins. Vertebrate orthologs of Exd and Hth, known as Pbx and Meis (named for a myeloid ecotropic leukemia virus integration site), respectively, are encoded by multigene families and are present in multimeric complexes together...

... ) 14 6 2001 © 2001. 2001 Meis Transcription Activation Homeodomain Imaginal discs Homothorax Drosophila melanogaster The epidermis and cuticle of the cephalic and thoracic segments, the appendages, and the external genitalia of the adult fly, are derived from the imaginal...

...), expression in r5/r6 is reduced. (D,I) Reporter staining is completely abolished when both HOX/PBC sites (construct 10) are mutated. (E,J) Mutations in the Prep/Meis motif (construct 11) have no effect on reporter activity. All embryos are at 10.0 dpc. The respective constructs and mutated sites are noted...