..., we reveal local buckling defects in mutant meristems, and use analytical models to show how mechanical properties and growth rates may contribute to the phenotype. Indeed, clv3 mutant meristems are mechanically more heterogeneous than the wild type, and also display regional growth heterogeneities...

...Arthur Boutillon; Samhita P. Banavar; Otger Campàs ABSTRACT Living organisms have the ability to self-shape into complex structures appropriate for their function. The genetic and molecular mechanisms that enable cells to do this have been extensively studied in several model and non-model...

...Guy B. Blanchard; Elena Scarpa; Leila Muresan; Bénédicte Sanson ABSTRACT The planar orientation of cell division (OCD) is important for epithelial morphogenesis and homeostasis. Here, we ask how mechanics and antero-posterior (AP) patterning combine to influence the first divisions after...

... on either side by somites. Vacuolating notochord cells undergo a constrained expansion, increasing notochord internal pressure and driving its elongation and stiffening. Therefore, the notochord is appropriately positioned to play a role in mechanically elongating the somitic compartment. We used multi...

... affixed to each other by their cell wall. It is therefore evident that morphogenesis in plants requires the existence of robust sensing machineries at different scales. In this Review, I provide an overview on how mechanical forces are generated, sensed and transduced in plant cells. I then focus on how...

... development. Our results indicate that cellulose biosynthesis impacts the mechanics and growth of the shoot apical meristem. * These authors contributed equally to this work ‡ Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) Competing interests The authors declare no competing...

..., yet plastic, mature organ. Over the past couple of decades, studies have revealed that hormonal signals, transcription factors and miRNAs play major roles during leaf development, and more recent findings have highlighted the contribution of mechanical signals to leaf growth. In this Review, we...

... of biological components and processes contributing to organismal morphogenesis, but the mathematical and physical principles involved have not received comparable attention. The most obvious entry of physics into morphogenesis is via tissue mechanics. In this Review, we discuss the fundamental role...

...Lucy H. Brunt; Katie Begg; Erika Kague; Stephen Cross; Chrissy L. Hammond Joint morphogenesis requires mechanical activity during development. Loss of mechanical strain causes abnormal joint development, which can impact long-term joint health. Although cell orientation and proliferation are known...

...Kaoru Sugimura; Pierre-François Lenne; François Graner Development, homeostasis and regeneration of tissues result from a complex combination of genetics and mechanics, and progresses in the former have been quicker than in the latter. Measurements of in situ forces and stresses appear...

... proliferation and fate decisions have been identified, how these signals interact with cellular dynamics and physical forces within the gonad remains poorly understood. We therefore developed a dynamic, 3D in silico model of the C. elegans germ line, incorporating both the mechanical interactions between cells...

... generated by such actomyosin networks are precisely regulated and are transmitted to the cell cortex of adjacent cells and to the extracellular environment by adhesive clusters comprising cadherins or integrins. Here, and in the accompanying poster, we provide an overview of the mechanics, principles...

...Kristian Franze The development of the nervous system has so far, to a large extent, been considered in the context of biochemistry, molecular biology and genetics. However, there is growing evidence that many biological systems also integrate mechanical information when making decisions during...

...Jian Zhou; Hye Young Kim; Lance A. Davidson Physical forces drive the movement of tissues within the early embryo. Classical and modern approaches have been used to infer and, in rare cases,measure mechanical properties and the location and magnitude of forces within embryos. Elongation...

... it possible to construct a ‘virtual’ embryo with any user-specified mechanical properties. To test a specific hypothesis about the forces that drive neurulation, the whole virtual embryo or any selected part of it is ascribed with the force generators specified in the hypothesis. The shape changes...

... by directed cell neighbor change. Our model describes cell rearrangements by accounting for the balance of forces between neighboring cells within an epithelium. Cell rearrangement and cell shape changes occur when these forces are not in mechanical equilibrium. We will show that cell rearrangement within...