... that, contrary to the current view, in the mouse embryo the patella initially develops as a bony process at the anteriodistal surface of the femur. Later, the patella is separated from the femur by a joint formation process that is regulated by mechanical load. Concurrently, the patella becomes superficially...

... limb bud mesenchyme. Developmental analysis of Hif1 α-depleted limbs revealed abnormal cartilage and joint formation in the autopod,suggesting that HIF1α is part of a mechanism that regulates the differentiation of hypoxic prechondrogenic cells. Dramatically reduced cartilage formation in Hif1 α...

...David Garciadiego-Cázares; Carlos Rosales; Masaru Katoh; Jesús Chimal-Monroy The control point by which chondrocytes take the decision between the cartilage differentiation program or the joint formation program is unknown. Here, we have investigated the effect of α5β1 integrin inhibitors...

... mice than in wild-type mice ( Schorle et al., 1996 ). The Notch signaling pathway plays a role in endochondral bone development and thus indirectly in joint formation in the chicken limbs ( Crowe et al., 1999 ). In this process, Notch signaling is required to regulate the differentiation...

... intense radial growth of the differentiating cartilages and disturb the formation of joints accompanied by alterations in the pattern of Indian hedgehog and ck-erg expression. Interestingly, the effects of these two BMPs on joint formation were found to be different. While the pre-dominant effect of BMP-2...