.... To investigate this, we analyzed the expression profile of spermatogonial markers during the seminiferous epithelial cycle in cynomolgus monkeys and compared the results with human data. We found that in cynomolgus monkeys, as in humans, undifferentiated spermatogonia are largely quiescent, and the few engaged...

... cells into human intestinal organoids (HIOs) has served as a powerful means for creating complex three-dimensional intestinal structures. Owing to their diverse cell populations, transplantation into an animal host is supported with this system and allows the temporal formation of fully laminated...

.... Niakan ABSTRACT Our understanding of the molecular events driving cell specification in early mammalian development relies mainly on mouse studies, and it remains unclear whether these mechanisms are conserved across mammals, including humans. We have shown that the establishment of cell polarity via...

... formation, productivity and function in the context of reproductive success in mammalian systems, primarily mouse and human. Although much is known about the specific genes and proteins required for meiotic processes and sperm function, we know relatively little about other gametic determinants of overall...

... in this morphogenetic process. In this Review, we summarize the resulting scenarios and proposed models that include common and species-specific events. We further discuss how these studies and those in environmentally adapted blind species may shed light on human inborn eye malformations that result from failures...

... endothelial-fibronectin interactions in FGR are a key mechanism underlying impaired FGR endothelial migration. Using human fetoplacental endothelial cells isolated from uncomplicated term control and FGR pregnancies, we assessed integrin α5β1 and αvβ3 regulation during cell migration. We show that endothelial...

... by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2022 Summary: This Review presents the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanical forces acting on the embryonic gut and their determining role in structuring the development of this organ. Biomechanics Intestine Embryo Mouse Chicken Human Université de Paris...

...Xiaodun Yang; Jeffrey C. Raum; Junil Kim; Reynold Yu; Juxiang Yang; Gabriella Rice; Changhong Li; Kyoung-Jae Won; Diana E. Stanescu; Doris A. Stoffers ABSTRACT Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1) is crucial for pancreas organogenesis, yet the dynamic changes in PDX1 binding in human or mouse...

... therapies for leukodystrophies. However, caveats to oligodendrocyte differentiation protocols ( Ehrlich et al., 2017 ; Wang et al., 2013 ; Douvaras and Fossati, 2015 ) from human embryonic stem and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which include slow and inefficient differentiation, and tumorigenic...

... that this is conserved in humans. Overall, we demonstrate that functional vascular patterning in the zebrafish trunk is established through differential cell migration regulated by junctional actin, and that interruption of differential migration may represent a pathomechanism in vascular malformations...

... is known about the processes controlling human CTB progenitor maintenance and differentiation. To address this, we established a single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) dataset from first trimester placentas to identify cell states important in trophoblast progenitor establishment, renewal...

...René Reitermaier; Tanya Ayub; Julia Staller; Philip Kienzl; Nikolaus Fortelny; Pablo Augusto Vieyra-Garcia; Christof Worda; Christian Fiala; Clement Staud; Wolfgang Eppel; Anke Scharrer; Thomas Krausgruber; Adelheid Elbe-Bürger ABSTRACT The adult human skin contains a vast number of T cells...

...Matthew Gormley; Oliver Oliverio; Mirhan Kapidzic; Katherine Ona; Steven Hall; Susan J. Fisher ABSTRACT Human placental architecture is complex. Its surface epithelium, specialized for transport, forms by fusion of cytotrophoblast progenitors into multinucleated syncytiotrophoblasts. Near...

... neuronal subtypes generated in a characteristic spatiotemporal arrangement from progenitors in the embryonic neural tube. To gain insight into the diversity and complexity of cells in the developing human neural tube, we used single-cell mRNA sequencing to profile cervical and thoracic regions in four...

...-coding and repetitive DNA. We therefore analyzed the genome-wide distribution of the heterochromatic marker H4K20me3 in human sperm and somatic (K562) cells. To specify the function of sperm histones, we compared all H4K20me3-containing and -free loci in the sperm genome. Sperm and somatic cells...

...Hao Chen; Katherine E. Williams; Elaine Y. Kwan; Mirhan Kapidzic; Kenisha A. Puckett; Rayyan K. Aburajab; Joshua F. Robinson; Susan J. Fisher ABSTRACT During human pregnancy, cytotrophoblasts (CTBs) from the placenta differentiate into specialized subpopulations that play crucial roles in proper...

... remains unclear. Here, we studied HOX clock pacing in human pluripotent stem cell-derived axial progenitors differentiating into diverse spinal cord motor neuron subtypes. We show that the progressive activation of caudal HOX genes is controlled by a dynamic increase in FGF signaling. Blocking the FGF...

... contributions of data on craniofacial and dental development in humans, model organisms and cell lines. Collectively, the FaceBase Consortium, along with other NIH-supported data resources, provide a continuously growing, dynamic and current resource for the scientific community while improving data...

.../fetus and the mother. We isolated EVs from second trimester human cytotrophoblasts (CTBs) by differential ultracentrifugation and characterized them using transmission electron microscopy, immunoblotting and mass spectrometry. The 100,000 g pellet was enriched for vesicles with a cup-like morphology...

.... G. , Boroviak , T. , Guo , G. , Nichols , J. , Smith , A. and Bertone , P. ( 2018 ). Integrated analysis of single-cell embryo data yields a unified transcriptome signature for the human pre-implantation epiblast . Development   145 , dev158501 . 10.1242/dev.158501...