... model species Gryllus bimaculatus . CRISPR/Cas9 Orthoptera Genome editing Hox genes Ultrabithorax Abdominal-A National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001 IOS-1257217 Howard Hughes Medical Institute Harvard University http...

...Zainab Afzal; Jeffrey J. Lange; Christof Nolte; Sean McKinney; Christopher Wood; Ariel Paulson; Bony De Kumar; Jay Unruh; Brian D. Slaughter; Robb Krumlauf ABSTRACT Signaling pathways regulate the patterns of Hox gene expression that underlie their functions in the specification of axial identity...

... of connective tissue/interstitial stroma surrounding the zeugopod-attached myofibers ( Swinehart et al., 2013 ). In this report, we show that Hoxa11eGFP expression in zeugopod-attached muscle interstitial cells continues through postnatal and adult life. Roles for Hox genes in the embryonic development...

...Kazuya Yamada; Akiteru Maeno; Soh Araki; Morimichi Kikuchi; Masato Suzuki; Mizuki Ishizaka; Koumi Satoh; Kagari Akama; Yuki Kawabe; Kenya Suzuki; Daiki Kobayashi; Nanami Hamano; Akinori Kawamura ABSTRACT Vertebrate Hox clusters are comprised of multiple Hox genes that control morphology...

... tailbud reveals a highly conserved enhancer element necessary for NMp expression of brachyury and body axis elongation . Hox genes Brachyury Wnt signaling Neuromesodermal progenitors All vertebrate embryos form their anterior-posterior axis by adding cells progressively...

... of vertebrates depends on the temporally progressive activation of HOX genes within axial stem cells that fuel axial embryo elongation. Whether the pace of sequential activation of HOX genes, the 'HOX clock', is controlled by intrinsic chromatin-based timing mechanisms or by temporal changes in extrinsic cues...

... sustaining the tailbud-derived bipotential neuromesodermal progenitors. Hox genes Brachyury Wnt signaling Neuromesodermal progenitors A hallmark of early embryonic vertebrate development is the progressive formation of the posterior embryonic body from anterior to posterior ( Kimelman...

... (anterior) or trunk (posterior) identity based on the magnitude of the WNT signal used to induce them. Neural crest WNT dose/magnitude Anterior-posterior axis HOX genes Human embryonic stem cells Neural crest cells (NCCs) are multipotent embryonic cells that are exclusive to vertebrates...

... of the Hox transcription factor Antennapedia elicit a developmental regulatory switch from auto-activation to auto-repression that increases concentration and suppresses cell-to-cell variability over time. Auto-regulation Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy Hox genes Protein noise Transcription...

... , the wings and halteres, homologous appendages of the second and third thoracic segments, respectively, bear different forms: wings are flat, whereas halteres are globular, and yet both characteristic shapes are essential for a normal flight. The Hox gene Ultrabithorax ( Ubx ) governs the difference between...

... into wing heart precursors. Interestingly, Hox gene expression in the Even Skipped-positive cells not only underlies their antero-posterior diversification, but also influences heart morphogenesis in a non-cell-autonomous way. In brief, we identify a new cardiac outflow component derived from a subset...

...Christian Hessinger; Gerhard M. Technau; Ana Rogulja-Ortmann Hox genes are known to specify motoneuron pools in the developing vertebrate spinal cord and to control motoneuronal targeting in several species. However, the mechanisms controlling axial diversification of muscle innervation patterns...

...Ana Casaca; Ana Nóvoa; Moisés Mallo Formation of the vertebrate axial skeleton requires coordinated Hox gene activity. Hox group 6 genes are involved in the formation of the thoracic area owing to their unique rib-promoting properties. Here we show that the linker region (LR) connecting...

... mesenchymal Wnt signaling. Hox genes Pancreatic development Endocrine cells Mesenchymal-epithelial crosstalk Mouse Wnt signaling Hox genes play a well-established role in axial and appendicular skeletal patterning, and knowledge of their importance in organogenesis is expanding. Hox genes...

... the focus of significant research; however, much less is known about how these tissues are integrated into a functional unit appropriate for each body position and role. Previous reports have demonstrated crucial roles for Hox genes in patterning the axial and limb skeleton. Loss of Hox11 paralogous gene...

...Moisés Mallo; Claudio R. Alonso Hox genes encode a family of transcriptional regulators that elicit distinct developmental programmes along the head-to-tail axis of animals. The specific regional functions of individual Hox genes largely reflect their restricted expression patterns, the disruption...

... and anterior abdominal neuromeres are almost equally sized and formed by repetitive sets of neuroblasts, whereas the terminal abdominal neuromeres are generated by significantly smaller populations of progenitor cells. Here we investigated the role of the Hox gene Abdominal-B in shaping the terminal neuromeres...

...Anna M. Raines; Mike Adam; Bliss Magella; Sara E. Meyer; H. Leighton Grimes; Sudhansu K. Dey; S. Steven Potter Hox genes are key regulators of development. In mammals, the study of these genes is greatly confounded by their large number, overlapping functions and interspersed shared enhancers. Here...

... of which relies on a positive-feedback loop involving sonic hedgehog (Shh) and the BMP antagonist gremlin 1 (Grem1). The positive cross-regulation between Shh and the HoxA and HoxD clustered genes identified an indirect effect of Hox genes on the maintenance of AER-FGFs but the respective function of Shh...

...Alicia Estacio-Gómez; Marta Moris-Sanz; Anne-Kathrin Schäfer; Daniel Perea; Pilar Herrero; Fernando J. Díaz-Benjumea Although the Hox genes are the main factors involved in the generation of diversity along the anterior/posterior body axis of segmented organisms, it is still largely unknown how...