... origin and function of extra-embryonic mesoderm in vertebrates from in vivo studies. Extra-embryonic mesoderm Embryonic development Model organisms Evolution Stem cell-based embryo models Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique – FNRS Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek http...

... Institute of Mental Health http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000025 U01MH108898 R01MH124890 Inhibitory neuron Neurodevelopment Origin Evolution Brain disorder Summary: This Review introduces conserved and distinct aspects of telencephalon inhibitory neuron development between humans...

... change. Our data support distinct, reproductively isolated lineages within the clade. We find that changes in genes associated with thyroid signaling and craniofacial development provided a foundational shift in evolution to the lake. The thyroid axis is further implicated in subsequent lineage...

... explanations for large evolutionary shifts, even to a single gene. Here, I reveal how a biased expectation of mechanistic simplicity threads through the long history of evolutionary and developmental genetics. I argue, however, that expecting a simple mechanism threatens a deeper understanding of evolution...

...-targeted PIN proteins drive shoot development in a moss . Curr. Biol. 24 , 2776 - 2785 . 10.1016/j.cub.2014.09.054 Blázquez , M. A. , Nelson , D. C. and Weijers , D. ( 2020 ). Evolution of plant hormone response pathways . Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 71 , 327 - 353 . 10.1146...

... understand very little about the potential for diversification exhibited by different, highly conserved mechanisms during evolution, or, conversely, the constraints that they place on evolution. With the aim of steering the field in new directions, we focus on morphogen-mediated patterning and growth...

... before analysis. Fig. 6. Evolution and homology of chordate C-cells. C-cells were broadly distributed throughout the endoderm-derived lining of the pharynx in the last common ancestor of chordates. These C-cells then became localized into a discrete ultimobranchial body in non-mammalian...

... mouse and chicken as well as between the chicken ulna and fibula. This is evidence that, although zeugopod bones are clearly homologous according to the fossil record, the gene regulatory networks that contribute to their development and evolution are not fixed. * Author for correspondence...

.... ( 2015 ). Human-chimpanzee differences in a FZD8 enhancer alter cell-cycle dynamics in the developing neocortex . Curr. Biol. 25 , 772 - 779 . 10.1016/j.cub.2015.01.041 Buckner , R. L. and Krienen , F. M. ( 2013 ). The evolution of distributed association networks in the human...

...’) compete to occupy regions of genomic DNA (‘sinks’). Chromatin Epigenetics Evolution Transposons Zygotic activation Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001822 All living organisms package their DNA with chromatin proteins. Chromatin...

... a mechanism for human pigment evolution and disease . Pigment. Cell Melanoma. Res. 26 , 205 - 217 . 10.1111/pcmr.12053 Eom , D. S. , Inoue , S. , Patterson , L. B. , Gordon , T. N. , Slingwine , R. , Kondo , S. , Watanabe , M. and Parichy , D. M. ( 2012...

... the plasticity of vertebrate gastrulation both when experimentally manipulated and during evolution. Using the insights obtained from these experiments we discuss the effects of the increase in yolk volume on the morphology of gastrulation and provide new insights into two crucial innovations during amniote...

...Katsiaryna Maskalenka; Gökberk Alagöz; Felix Krueger; Joshua Wright; Maria Rostovskaya; Asif Nakhuda; Adam Bendall; Christel Krueger; Simon Walker; Aylwyn Scally; Peter J. Rugg-Gunn ABSTRACT Gene duplication events can drive evolution by providing genetic material for new gene functions...

... Neuron Evolution Cilia Cnidaria Nematostella vectensis Natural Environment Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000270 Marine Biological Association http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000655 Austrian Science Fund http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002428...

... Embryogenesis Evolution Stem cells Regeneration Animal-microbe Symbiosis Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659 261376515 Collaborative Research Centre 1182 Canadian Institute for Advanced...

...Aurélie Hintermann; Isabel Guerreiro; Lucille Lopez-Delisle; Christopher Chase Bolt; Sandra Gitto; Denis Duboule; Leonardo Beccari ABSTRACT Modifications in gene regulation are driving forces in the evolution of organisms. Part of these changes involve cis- regulatory elements (CREs), which contact...

...: The unicellular state of the moss Physcomitrium patens is caused in part by uncontrolled cell expansion and defects in cell wall integrity, which are regulated by ROP GTPase activation by prenylation. Protein prenylation ROP GTPase Evolution Land plants Unicellular Multicellularity Cell expansion...

... resources for the amphipod crustacean Parhyale hawaiensis , facilitating the exploration of gene regulatory evolution using this emerging research organism. We use Omni-ATAC-seq to identify accessible chromatin genome-wide across a broad time course of Parhyale embryonic development. This time course...

... model system for understanding early animal evolution. Here, we characterize the expression and functional role of Klf genes during M. leidyi embryogenesis. Zygotic Klf gene function was assessed with both CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing and splice-blocking morpholino oligonucleotide knockdown...

... elongation throughout chordate evolution, with a minimal contribution in amphioxus and the greatest contributions in amniotes ( Catala et al., 1996 ; Krol et al., 2011 ; Mugele et al., 2018 ). Ascidians are an exception, where no proliferation occurs during notochord elongation ( Jiang and Smith, 2007...