... system by introducing new universal donors for N-terminal insertion and for multi-color tagging with orthogonal selection markers. We adapted the procedure for mouse embryonic stem cells, which can be differentiated into diverse cell types. Our protocol is rapid and efficient, enabling live imaging...

..., but the global translational dynamics are still ambiguous. Here, we differentiate human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into neural progenitor cells (NPCs) with high efficiency and perform ribosome sequencing and RNA sequencing on both ESCs and NPCs. Data analysis reveals that translational controls engage in many...

...Andrew Keniry; Natasha Jansz; Peter F. Hickey; Kelsey A. Breslin; Megan Iminitoff; Tamara Beck; Quentin Gouil; Matthew E. Ritchie; Marnie E. Blewitt ABSTRACT Female mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) present differently from male mESCs in several fundamental ways; however, complications...

.... Here, we create a partial mouse embryo model to elucidate the principles of epiblast (Epi) and extra-embryonic endoderm co-development (XEn). We trigger naive mouse embryonic stem cells to form a blastocyst-stage niche of Epi-like cells and XEn-like cells (3D, hydrogel free and serum free). Once...

..., we demonstrated that homozygous knockout of Hbxip leads to embryonic lethality, with retarded growth around E7.5, and that depletion of Hbxip compromises the self-renewal of embryonic stem cells (ESCs), with reduced expression of pluripotency genes, reduced cell proliferation and decreased colony...

... and continuously expandable pluripotent stem cells related to embryonic disc epiblast from embryos of pig, sheep and cow. Embryonic stem cells Epiblast Mammalian embryo Nuclear transfer Pluripotency Self-renewal Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039...

... and primitive endoderm-like cells in mouse embryonic stem cell cultures emerges at the population level through cell-cell communication via a short-range fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) signal. We characterize the molecular and dynamical properties of the communication mechanism and show how it controls both...

...Nicola Festuccia; Nick Owens; Almira Chervova; Agnès Dubois; Pablo Navarro ABSTRACT The maintenance of pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is governed by the action of an interconnected network of transcription factors. Among them, only Oct4 and Sox2 have been shown to be strictly...

... of STAT3 inside mitochondria requires Y705 phosphorylation by Jak, whereas its mitochondrial transcriptional activity, as well as its effect on proliferation, depends on the MAPK target S727. These data were confirmed using mouse embryonic stem cells: although the Y705-mutated STAT3 cannot enter...

... regulation of H4K20me3-marked heterochromatin controls the chromatin structure of embryonic stem cells, where loss of SUV420H2 results in dysregulated gene expression and differentiation, altered 3D chromatin interactions, compartment switching and perturbed chromatin insulation. Embryonic stem cells...

...Zhenhua Zhu; Yan Zhang; Xiaoxiao Wang; Xiaohu Wang; Shou-Dong Ye ABSTRACT The identification of novel mechanisms to maintain embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency is of crucial importance, because the currently used culture conditions are not suitable for ESCs from all species. In this study, we...

... the mechanisms behind cell fate specification, tissue shape changes and their mutual regulation generates an integrated understanding of embryogenesis. Recent technological advances now make this possible in the human embryo. Human embryo Morphogenesis Cell fate Embryonic stem cells Aneuploidy...

...Madeleine Linneberg-Agerholm; Yan Fung Wong; Jose Alejandro Romero Herrera; Rita S. Monteiro; Kathryn G. V. Anderson; Joshua M. Brickman ABSTRACT Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) exist in at least two states that transcriptionally resemble different stages of embryonic development. Naïve ESCs resemble...

... in the maintenance and exit from mouse pluripotency. Epigenetics Pluripotency Transcriptional regulation Embryonic stem cells Epiblast-like cells Mouse Cell-fate transitions are ultimately driven by changes in gene expression. Gene expression is regulated by the binding of transcription factors...

.... These progenitors, called neural mesodermal progenitors (NMPs), are identified as cells that co-express Sox2 and T/ brachyury, a criterion used to derive NMP-like cells from embryonic stem cells in vitro . However, unlike embryonic NMPs, these progenitors do not self-renew. Here, we find that the protocols...

...://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed. Summary: Detailed protocols for the propagation, manipulation and differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells, with tips for minimising...

.... Currently, there is no consensus concerning whether one of these approaches more accurately produces differentiated cell types of interest. There are few comparisons of cells produced by both lineage conversion and embryonic stem cell (ESC)- or iPSC-directed differentiation and their primary counterparts...

..., OCT4 and PRDM14, in mouse embryonic stem cells, epiblast-like cells and primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs). PGCLCs are an important system for elucidating primordial germ cell development in mice. We monitored PRDM14 binding during the specification of PGCLCs, identifying direct targets of PRDM14...

...Mariko Yamane; Satoshi Ohtsuka; Kumi Matsuura; Akira Nakamura; Hitoshi Niwa ABSTRACT Krüppel-like factors (Klfs) have a pivotal role in maintaining self-renewal of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). The functions of three Klf family members (Klf2, Klf4 and Klf5) have been identified...

... largely been ignored. However, recent advances, such as the genomic profiling of embryonic stem cells, have uncovered the significance and mechanisms of p53 functions in mammalian cell differentiation and development. As we review here, these recent findings reveal roles that complement the well...