..., of any echinoderm. This milestone paves the way for the generation of diverse transgenic resources that will dramatically enhance the utility, reproducibility and efficiency of sea urchin research. Funding This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (OD 034075 to A.H.). Open Access...

... embryo. Echinoderm Sea urchin Skeletogenesis Primary mesenchyme Syncytium Gene regulatory network National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001 IOS2004952 Multinucleated cells, also known as syncytia, are found across the tree of life ( Ogle et al...

...Jian Ming Khor; Charles A. Ettensohn ABSTRACT Sea urchins and other echinoderms are important experimental models for studying developmental processes. The lack of approaches for conditional gene perturbation, however, has made it challenging to investigate the late developmental functions of genes...

... analyses of FGF signalling perturbation during embryonic development and arm regeneration of the brittle Amphiura filiformis identify a conserved role in the formation of the skeleton in both processes. Echinoderm Biomineralization Regulatory networks Signalling Vegf A tempting theory...

.... 8 6 2014 9 11 2014 © 2015. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2015 Summary : A spatiotemporal gradient of Wnt signaling, which is known to pattern early vertebrate embryos, regulates the segregation of cell fate in the invertebrate sea star embryo. Echinoderm...

.... 29 9 2013 27 4 2014 © 2014. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2014 Evolution Mesoderm Cidaroid Sea urchin Echinoderm Prionocidaris baculosa Understanding how developmental mechanisms evolved is a predominant topic in the research of evolutionary biology...

...David R. McClay Embryos of the echinoderms, especially those of sea urchins and sea stars, have been studied as model organisms for over 100 years. The simplicity of their early development, and the ease of experimentally perturbing this development, provides an excellent platform for mechanistic...

... ) 24 4 2003 © 2003. 2003 Echinoderm Endo16 Evolution Promoter Sea urchin Transcription Comparative studies have revealed that the level, timing and spatial expression of genes is subject to change during evolution. In many instances,a change in gene expression has been...

... complex. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 06 08 1998 12 06 1998 © 1998 by Company of Biologists 1998 Lineage Conditional specification Autonomous specification Endomesoderm Marker gene Gene regulator Rudiment Larva Echinoderm...

... type . Expl Cell Res . 117 , 269 – 271 . 10.1016/0014-4827(78)90140-4 09 12 1985 Copyright © 1986 by Company of Biologists 1986 echinoderm dissociated embryonic cell reconstruction bipinnaria larvae It has been reported earlier that cells dissociated from sea...

... urchin. * Present address: Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-1-89 Higashisenda-machi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima 730, Japan. 11 12 1985 Copyright © 1986 by Company of Biologists 1986 echinoderm dissociated...