... recent new insights into the dosage-compensation mechanisms that evolved along with the emergence of sex chromosomes, namely X-inactivation and X-upregulation. We also discuss the evolution of the genetic loci and molecular players involved, as well as the regulatory diversity and potentially different...

... the conserved DAF-2 insulin-like signaling (ILS) pathway through incompletely understood mechanisms. We have previously established a role for the C. elegans dosage compensation protein DPY-21 in the control of dauer arrest and DAF-2 ILS. Here, we show that the histone H4 lysine 20 methyltransferase SET-4...

...-A Nuclear matrix Dosage compensation In mammals X inactivation establishes dosage compensation between males and females. Early in embryogenesis one of the two female X chromosomes is transcriptionally silenced by expression of Xist ( Heard and Disteche, 2006 ). The nuclear non-coding Xist RNA...

.... Here we identify a consensus TRA-1 binding site in the regulatory region of xol-1 , the master switch gene controlling sex determination and dosage compensation. xol-1 is normally expressed in males, where it promotes male development and prevents dosage compensation. We show that TRA-1 binds...

...Solenn Patalano; Marija Mihailovich; Yaiza Belacortu; Nuria Paricio; Fátima Gebauer Dosage compensation in Drosophila melanogaster involves the assembly of the MSL-2-containing dosage compensation complex (DCC) on the single X chromosome of male flies. Translational repression of msl-2 mRNA blocks...

..., we observed male lethality and male-specific reduction in the expression levels of X-linked genes. SCF functionally interacts with components of the MSL complex, which are required for dosage compensation via hypertranscription of the male X chromosome. Moreover, SCF colocalizes with the MSL complex...

...Stephanie A. Yonker; Barbara J. Meyer In C. elegans , an X-chromosome-wide regulatory process compensates for the difference in X-linked gene dose between males (XO) and hermaphrodites(XX) by equalizing levels of X-chromosome transcripts between the sexes. To achieve dosage compensation, a large...

... for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] or [email protected] ) 23 01 2001 22 03 2001 © 2001 by Company of Biologists 2001 X-inactivation Dosage compensation Xist Tsix Genomic imprinting Mouse During early embryogenesis of female mammals, one of the two X...

...Ananya Bhattacharya; S. Sudha; H. Sharat Chandra; Ruth Steward The Sex-lethal (Sxl) gene is required in Drosophila females for sexual differentiation of the soma, for gem cell differentiation and dosage compensation. We have isolated three new alleles of female-lethal-on-X (flex), an X-linked...

...Tamara L. Davis; Barbara J. Meyer ABSTRACT X chromosome expression in C. elegans is controlled by a chromosome-wide regulatory process called dosage compensation that specifically reduces by half the level of transcripts made from each hermaphrodite X chromosome. This process equalizes X expression...

...Axel Franke; Abby Dernburg; Greg J. Bashaw; Bruce S. Baker ABSTRACT In Drosophila equalization of the amounts of gene products produced by X-linked genes in the two sexes is achieved by hypertranscription of the single male X chromosome. This process, dosage compensation, is controlled by a set...

... region on dosage compensation of the X-linked mini-white gene. Dosage compensation is the process that equalizes the unequal content of X-linked genes in males and females by increasing the X-linked transcription level twofold in males. Transposition of X-linked genes to the autosomes commonly results...

...Greg J. Bashaw; Bruce S. Baker ABSTRACT In Drosophila dosage compensation increases the rate of transcription of the male’s X chromosome and depends on four autosomal male-specific lethal genes. We have cloned the msl-2 gene and shown that MSL-2 protein is colocalized with the other three MSL...

...David R. Hsu; Pao-Tien Chuang; Barbara J. Meyer ABSTRACT DPY-30 is an essential component of the C. elegans dosage compensation machinery that reduces X chromosome transcript levels in hermaphrodites (XX). DPY-30 is required for the sex-specific association of DPY-27 (a chromosome condensation...

...Monica Gorman; Axel Franke; Bruce S. Baker ABSTRACT In Drosophila , dosage compensation occurs by transcribing the single male X chromosome at twice the rate of each of the two female X chromosomes. This hypertranscription requires four autosomal male-specific lethal(msl) genes and is negatively...

... proteins achaete-scute complex sex determination dosage compensation Sex-lethal sisterless genes Drosophila Sexual fate in Drosophila is determined by a two-fold difference in X-chromosome number: 2X diploid flies are female; 1X diploid flies are male (reviewed in Baker, 1989...

...Jeff R. Mann; Robin H. Lovell-Badge ABSTRACT In certain extraembryonic tissues of normal female mouse conceptuses, X-chromosome-dosage compensation is achieved by preferential inactivation of the paternally derived X. Diploid parthenogenones have two maternally derived X chromosomes, hence...

...-chromosome expression is compensated to equalize gene activity in XX and XO animals. Interactions between dosage compensation and sex determination are described and discussed. © 1987 by Company of Biologists 1987 nematode. C. elegans sex determination dosage compensation Drosophila...