... that subdivides the mouse mesodiencephalic floor plate into two microdomains, each giving rise to distinct types of neurons, is identified. Floor plate Dopamine Subthalamic Fate map Boundary Mouse Premammillary Borders are defined when territorial disputes are resolved. This is also the case...

.... , Chen , Y.-C. , Rozov , S. , et al. ( 2013 ). Dopamine from the brain promotes spinal motor neuron generation during development and adult regeneration . Dev. Cell   25 , 478 - 491 . 10.1016/j.devcel.2013.04.012 Rottbauer , W. , Baker , K. , Wo , Z. G. , Mohideen , M...

... Glutamate Dopamine Serotonin Midbrain Hindbrain Mouse Chicken Midbrain dopaminergic (DA) and dorsal raphe serotonergic (5-HT) neurons regulate responses to reward and punishment, associative learning, mood, and coordination of voluntary movements. Function of these monoaminergic pathways...

... 4 2013 30 8 2013 © 2013. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2013 Midbrain Dopamine Migration Neuritogenesis Mouse Chemokines (chemotactic cytokines) constitute a family of small protein ligands that are classified into four major groups (referred...

..., Ahd2/Aldh2 combined knockout mice display significant Th+ neuron loss in the SNc, reduction of dopamine and metabolites in the striatum, and age-dependent deficits in motor performance, that can be alleviated by L-DOPA administration ( Wey et al., 2012 ). Given these important physiological...

... in these contexts may aid our understanding of mdDA-related pathologies. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) Competing interests statement The authors declare no competing financial interests. © 2013. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd Brain Development Dopamine...

... midline Dopamine Drosophila gooseberry Neuron A key aspect of neurogenesis concerns how neural precursors are generated and acquire specific fates. The simplified view is that patterning proteins, consisting of intercellular signaling pathway components and transcription factors...

...Frank M. J. Jacobs; Jesse V. Veenvliet; Wadia H. Almirza; Elisa J. Hoekstra; Lars von Oerthel; Annemarie J. A. van der Linden; Roel Neijts; Marian Groot Koerkamp; Dik van Leenen; Frank C. P. Holstege; J. Peter H. Burbach; Marten P. Smidt Development of meso-diencephalic dopamine (mdDA) neurons...

... genes act together to control H-cell gene expression. The l(1)sc bHLH gene is required for all H-cell-specific gene transcription, whereas tailup acts in parallel to l(1)sc and controls genes involved in dopamine metabolism. SoxNeuro functions downstream of l(1)sc and controls expression of a peptide...

... are restricted to the forebrain, whereas all other regions are essentially quiescent. However, ablation of midbrain dopamine neurons in newts induced ependymoglia cells in the normally quiescent midbrain to proliferate and to undertake full dopamine neuron regeneration. Using oligonucleotide microarrays, we have...

...Frank M. J. Jacobs; Annemarie J. A. van der Linden; Yuhui Wang; Lars von Oerthel; Hei Sook Sul; J. Peter H. Burbach; Marten P. Smidt The orphan nuclear receptor Nurr1 is essential for the development of meso-diencephalic dopamine (mdDA) neurons and is required, together with the homeobox...

...., Perlmann, T. and Ericson, J. ( 2006 ). Identification of intrinsic determinants of midbrain dopamine neurons. Cell 124 , 393 -405. Baffi, J. S., Palkovits, M., Castillo, S. O., Mezey, E. and Nikodem, V. M. ( 1999 ). Differential expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in catecholaminergic neurons...

...-mail: [email protected] ) 26 8 2008 © 2008. 2008 Cell number Neuronal specification Oxytocin Dopamine Cell lineage Neural patterning cues, such as Wnt, provide progenitor cells with distinct positional identity and induce proneural proteins, which in turn initiate...

... as a critical determinant underlying Fezl- and PAC1-mediated differentiation. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 19 9 2007 © 2007. 2007 Neural development Dopamine Oxytocin The hypothalamus is a complex brain structure that regulates...

... 2007. 2007 Neurogenesis Newt Regeneration 6-hydroxydopamine Behaviour Dopamine Parkinson's disease One candidate treatment for Parkinson's disease is cell replacement therapy. Embryonic stem cells have been found to differentiate into dopaminergic (DA) neurons capable of integrating...

.... 2007 Pitx3 Retinoic acid Aldehyde dehydrogenase Development Midbrain Dopamine Parkinson's disease Ahd2 aldh1a1 Mouse Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder attributed to selective loss of pigmented dopaminergic (DA) neurons...

... hydroxylase(Th)-immunoreactive neurons appear in the lateral tuberal hypothalamus at embryonic day 5 (E5) ( Fig. 2A,A′,B,B′ and data not shown). These neurons do not co-express dopamine β hydroxylase (DβH), defining them as dopaminergic, not noradrenergic. To test whether DA neurons arise from progenitor...

...) in Helisoma and dopamine in Lymnaea ] that inhibit larval development acting via ergometrine-sensitive internal receptors. Thus, the novel regulatory mechanism in larval development of molluscs is suggested and compared with the phenomenon of dauer larvae formation in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans...

...Pepijn van den Munckhof; Kelvin C. Luk; Line Ste-Marie; Jane Montgomery; Pierre J. Blanchet; Abbas F. Sadikot; Jacques Drouin Mesencephalic dopaminergic (MesDA) neurons play crucial roles in motor and behavioral processes; their loss in Parkinson's disease (PD) results in striatal dopamine (DA...

...Robyn Lints; Scott W. Emmons We have investigated the mechanism that patterns dopamine expression among Caenorhabditis elegans male ray sensory neurons. Dopamine is expressed by the A-type sensory neurons in three out of the nine pairs of rays. We used expression of a tyrosine hydroxylase reporter...