... demonstrated that signals from pancreatic neural crest cells direct pancreatic endocrinogenesis. Likewise, autonomic neurons have been shown to regulate pancreatic islet formation, and have also been implicated in type I diabetes. Here, we provide an overview of recent progress in mapping pancreatic...

...Wei-Hao Huang; Kreeti Kajal; Ryan Himawan Wibowo; Oyundari Amartuvshin; Shih-Han Kao; Elham Rastegari; Chi-Hung Lin; Kuan-Lin Chiou; Hai-Wei Pi; Chau-Ti Ting; Hwei-Jan Hsu ABSTRACT High-sugar diets (HSDs) often lead to obesity and type 2 diabetes, both metabolic syndromes associated with stem cell...

...) and ENPL-1 (GRP94) are conserved insulin secretion regulators in Caenorhabditis elegans (and mammals), and mouse Grp94 mutants display type 2 diabetes. ENPL-1/GRP94 binds proinsulin and regulates proinsulin levels in C. elegans and mammalian cells. Here, we have found that ASNA-1 and ENPL-1 cooperate...

... novo β-cell regeneration during induction and recovery from diabetes in zebrafish. We show that the zebrafish has evolved two distinct types of somatostatin-producing δ-cells, which we term δ1- and δ2-cells. Moreover, we characterize a small population of glucose-responsive islet cells, which share...

... by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2020 Summary: This short Spotlight summarizes the current state of pre-clinical and clinical research using pluripotent stem cells for regenerative therapy, and the influence of developmental biology-inspired approaches. Cardiomyopathy Diabetes Parkinson's disease...

.... β cell differentiation Retinoic acid signaling Wnt signaling Pancreas development Diabetes δ cell specification Cell signaling pathways are used continuously throughout development and adulthood to mediate tissue interactions and precisely control gene expression. In particular...

... fetuses. Diabetes Endocrine Human Islets Pancreas Stem cells Because of the limited availability of primary human tissue, much of our knowledge of human organ development is extrapolated from animal models. It is remarkable that the mechanisms of organ formation are conserved enough...

... to underlie pancreas development, from induction and lineage formation to morphogenesis and organogenesis. Elucidating such principles will help to identify novel candidate disease genes and unravel the pathogenesis of pancreas-related diseases, such as diabetes, pancreatitis and cancer...

... effectors are required in the first two weeks of life for the morphogenesis, maturation and function of pancreatic islets in mice. Islet Pancreas Mtor Postnatal Diabetes Mouse Although making up only about 1-2% of total pancreatic mass, the endocrine pancreas is part of a vital system...

... show that BICC1 functions downstream of ONECUT1 in the pathway controlling both NEUROG3 + endocrine cell production and ductal morphogenesis, and suggest a new candidate gene for syndromes associating kidney dysplasia with pancreatic disorders, including diabetes. * Author for correspondence...

...Chiara Greggio; Filippo De Franceschi; Manuel Figueiredo-Larsen; Samy Gobaa; Adrian Ranga; Henrik Semb; Matthias Lutolf; Anne Grapin-Botton In the context of a cellular therapy for diabetes, methods for pancreatic progenitor expansion and subsequent differentiation into insulin-producing beta cells...

... diabetes, we show that hnf1ba plays essential roles in regulating β-cell number and pancreas specification, distinct from its function in regulating pancreas size and liver specification, respectively. By combining Hnf1ba partial loss of function with conditional loss of Wnt signaling, we uncover a crucial...

... replication and suggests novel approaches for regenerative therapy to treat diabetes. Here we use an in vivo pulse-chase labeling assay to investigate the replication dynamics of adult mouse beta cells. We find that replicated beta cells are able to re-enter the cell division cycle shortly after mitosis...

... a central role in tumourigenesis; mutations in PTEN , a negative regulator of the pathway, occur at remarkably high frequency in several different human cancers (reviewed by Goberdhan and Wilson,2003b ). Insulin signalling Drosophila Cancer TOR Diabetes Nutrition SLC36 References...

... in endocrine cells beyond 18.5 d.p.c. Transgenic animals were diabetic. HNF6- overexpressing islets were hyperplastic and remained very close to the pancreatic ducts. Strikingly, α, δ, and PP cells were increased in number and abnormally intermingled with islet β cells. Although several mature β cell markers...

... and maintenance of functional β cells, it is not surprising that mutations in these genes have been associated with the development of human diabetes. Maturity- onset diabetes of the young (MODY) 1 and 3 are types of non- insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) caused by mutations in hepatocyte nuclear...

... and lethal signals in the uterine milieu. In this paper, we show that blastocysts from diabetic rats have a higher incidence of dead cells than control embryos. Differential lineage staining indicated that increased nuclear fragmentation occurred mainly in the inner cell mass. In addition, terminal...