...Linh Thi My Nguyen; Shaoli Hassan; Hongru Pan; Shuting Wu; Zilong Wen ABSTRACT In vertebrates, the central nervous system (CNS) harbours various immune cells, including parenchymal microglia, perivascular macrophages and dendritic cells, which act in coordination to establish an immune network...

... an essential role for Pinch2 during central nervous system myelination. Unlike Pinch1 gene ablation, loss of Pinch2 in oligodendrocytes results in hypermyelination and in the formation of pathological myelin outfoldings in white matter regions. These structural changes concur with inhibition of Rho GTPase RhoA...

.... Central nervous system Fate decisions Stochasticity Max-Planck-Gesellschaft 10.13039/501100004189 Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian 10.13039/501100005635 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 10.13039/501100001659 NO 1069/5-1 EXC-2068-390729961 European Research...

...Brett J. Hilton; Frank Bradke In the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS), neurons typically fail to regenerate their axons after injury. During development, by contrast, neurons extend axons effectively. A variety of intracellular mechanisms mediate this difference, including changes...

... determination during development and directed reprogramming. Brain Cellular plasticity Cellular reprogramming Developmental programme Central nervous system European Research Council SFB870 SPP1738 SPP1757 648960 Fondation ARC pour la Recherche sur le Cancer SFI20121205880...

...: Characterisation of the neural stem cells in the gnathal head region completes the mapping of all individual neuroblasts that generate the Drosophila CNS. Central nervous system Neuroblasts Segmental patterning Drosophila brain Gene expression profile Deformed The development...

...Marta Moris-Sanz; Alicia Estacio-Gómez; Javier Álvarez-Rivero; Fernando J. Díaz-Benjumea During the development of the central nervous system, neural progenitors generate an enormous number of distinct types of neuron and glial cells by asymmetric division. Intrinsic genetic programs define...

.... Central nervous system Drosophila ELAV/Hu Hox RNA-binding protein RNA processing Alternative polyadenylation (APA) Alternative splicing Segment-specific apoptosis The nervous system of vertebrates and invertebrates shows a remarkable level of regionalisation along the anteroposterior (AP...

... research is shaping our understanding of their evolution. This includes evolution of developmental genes and networks and our changing views of their conservation and divergence across the animals; the evolution of segmentation and the central nervous system and the debates about what is conserved...

... Syndrome. In bilaterally symmetric nervous systems, many axons are guided to the midline of the central nervous system (CNS) by proteins of the Netrin family( Hedgecock et al., 1990 ; Ishii et al., 1992 ; Serafini et al., 1994 ; Kennedy et al., 1994 ). In Drosophila , there are two redundant Netrin...

... Notch Gliogenesis Neural stem cells Neural crest Central nervous system Spinal cord Mouse A fundamental question in developmental neurobiology concerns the mechanisms that regulate the transition from neurogenesis to gliogenesis in vertebrates. Notch signaling regulates binary fate...

... , 3081 -3094. Begemann, G., Marx, M., Mebus, K., Meyer, A. and Bastmeyer,M. ( 2004 ). Beyond the neckless phenotype: influence of reduced retinoic acid signaling on motor neuron development in the zebrafish hindbrain. Dev. Biol. 271 , 119 -129. Bone, Q. ( 1960 ). The central nervous system...

...., Jr ( 1990 ). Organization of radial glia and related cells in the developing murine CNS. An analysis based upon a new monoclonal antibody marker. Neuroscience 36 , 121 -144. Faissner, A. and Kruse, J. ( 1990 ). J1/tenascin is a repulsive substrate for central nervous system neurons. Neuron...

.../sc genes in the coleopteran insect species Tribolium castaneum . We have identified two Tribolium ac/sc genes - achaete-scute homolog ( Tc-ASH ) a proneural gene and asense ( Tc-ase ) a neural precursor gene that reside in a gene complex. Focusing on the embryonic central nervous system we find...

... 2003 © 2003. 2003 Shh Floor plate Notochord Node Gene regulation Central nervous system The floor plate comprises a highly specialized group of glial cells that occupy the ventral midline of the neural tube in vertebrate embryos. Although the size and shape of the floor plate...

... suggests an independent Pax6 duplication in a triclad or platyhelminth ancestor. Pax6A is expressed in the central nervous system of intact planarians, labeling a subset of cells of both cephalic ganglia and nerve cords, and is activated during cephalic regeneration. Pax6B follows a similar pattern...

... within the Drosophila CNS. *Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 16 11 2001 © 2002. 2002 Drosophila NB sublineage genes hunchback Central nervous system Serotonin Corazonin The central nervous system (CNS) of all higher organisms consists...

...Emmanuel Garcion; Andreas Faissner; Charles ffrench-Constant The extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin-C is widely expressed in the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS) during development and repair. Despite multiple effects of tenascin-C on cell behaviour in culture, no structural...

... Shh Sim2 bHLH-PAS Gene regulation Central nervous system Mouse Generating regional diversity of neuronal progenitors induced by Shh along the two major axes of the CNS depends on at least two mechanisms. Along the dorsoventral axis, a morphogenic gradient of Shh activity has been shown...

... development. Within the central nervous system (CNS) Fgf8 is implicated in patterning neural tissue adjacent to the midbrain-hindbrain boundary. However, the roles of Fgfs in CNS tissue rostral to the midbrain are less clear. Here we examine the patterning of the forebrain in zebrafish embryos that lack...