... preserve spatial information to derive the transcriptional states of migrating neural crest cells and the cellular landscape of the first four chick cranial to cardiac branchial arches (BA1-4) using label-free, unsorted single-cell RNA sequencing. The faithful capture of branchial arch-specific genes led...

... disrupts morphogenesis of the caudal branchial arches and leads to a failure to correctly elaborate the labyrinthine layer of the placenta. Blimp1 mutant embryos also show widespread blood leakage and tissue apoptosis, and,strikingly, Blimp1 homozygous mutants entirely lack PGCs. At the time of PGC...

...Eva Kutejova; Bettina Engist; Moisés Mallo; Benoît Kanzler; Nicoletta Bobola The Hoxa2 transcription factor acts during development of the second branchial arch. As for most of the developmental processes controlled by Hox proteins, the mechanism by which Hoxa2 regulates the morphology of second...

... analyzed how Hoxa2 specifies segmental identity in the second branchial arch. Using a subtraction approach, we found that Ptx1 was upregulated in the second arch mesenchyme of Hoxa2 mutants. This upregulation has functional significance because, in Hoxa2 -/- ; Ptx1 -/- embryos, the Hoxa2 -/- phenotype...

.... and Dollé, P.( 2001 ). Development 128 , 1019-1031). We have investigated the developmental basis for this defect, and found that the RA-supplemented Raldh2 –/– embryos exhibit impaired development of their posterior (3rd-6th) branchial arch region. While the development of the first and second arches...

...Nicolas Matt; Norbert B. Ghyselinck; Olivia Wendling; Pierre Chambon; Manuel Mark Fusion and hypoplasia of the first two branchial arches, a defect typically observed in retinoic acid (RA) embryopathy, is generated in cultured mouse embryos upon treatment with BMS453, a synthetic compound...

... and in situ hybridization with the neural crest marker, AP-2. DiI labeling demonstrates that cranial neural crest cells migrate as distinct streams along prescribed pathways to populate the maxillary and mandibular processes of the first branchial arch, the hyoid arch and gill arches 1-4, following migratory...

... to leave the hindbrain via large dorsal exit points. They then grow in association with sensory ganglia, to their targets, the muscles of the branchial arches. We have investigated the possibility that pathway tissues might secrete diffusible chemorepellents or chemoattractants that guide cranial motor...

...Benoît Kanzler; Stephen J. Kuschert; Yi-Hsin Liu; Moisés Mallo ABSTRACT In Hoxa-2 −/− embryos, the normal skeletal elements of the second branchial arch are replaced by a duplicated set of first arch elements. We show here that Hoxa-2 directs proper skeletal formation in the second arch...

..., designated Lhx6 and Lhx7 . Whole-mount in situ hybridisation showed that Lhx6 and Lhx7 were expressed during mouse embryogenesis in overlapping domains of the first branchial arch and the basal forebrain. More specifically, expression of Lhx6 and Lhx7 was detected prior to initiation of tooth formation...

... as the paraxial mesoderm migrates during formation of the first three branchial arches. The paraxial mesoderm colonises the mesenchymal core of the branchial arches, consistent with the location of the muscle plates. A dorsoventral regionalisation of cell fate similar to that of the somitic mesoderm is also found...

... of Biologists 1993 branchial arches Brachydanio rerio epiboly gastrulation mesoderm neural crest no tail paraxial mesoderm snail1 somitogenesis spadetail zebrafish zinc finger Gastrulation in a variety of organisms is a critical event that leads to the formation of the three...

..., goosecoid expression is noted in the first branchial arch at 10.5 days, and then expression persists as this tissue undergoes morphogenesis to form the lower jaw and the body of the tongue. Expression in tissues around the first branchial cleft persists as these undergo morphogenesis to form the base...

... that neurogenic and mesenchymal neural crest expresses Hox 2 genes from its point of origin beside the neural plate, during migration and after migration has ceased and that rhombomeres 3 and 5 do not have any expressing neural crest beside them. Each branchial arch expresses a different combination or code...

... by in situ hybridisation in the branchial region of the head. Genes from the Hox complexes display segmentally restricted domains of expression in the developing hindbrain, which are correlated with similar restricted domains in the neural crest and surface ectoderm of the branchial arches. Comparison...

... genes are not expressed there. Copyright © 1991 by Company of Biologists 1991 homeobox gene Hox 2 cranial neural crest branchial arches head development hindbrain neural plate vertebrate evolution Homeobox genes, a group of sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins, have been...