.... TFAP2 AP-2 Neural crest Mandible Maxilla Homeobox Pharyngeal arch Branchial arch DLX National Institutes of Health 10.13039/100000002 F32DE023709 1K99DE026823 2R01 DE12728 1U01DE024429 Development of the facial complex in mammals begins as an outgrowth of structural...

... embryonic development. Hand1 and Hand2 are expressed by a subset of neural crest cells in the anterior branchial arches and are involved in craniofacial development. However, the precise mechanisms by which Hand proteins mediate biological actions and regulate downstream target genes in branchial arches...

...Juhee Jeong; Xue Li; Robert J. McEvilly; Michael G. Rosenfeld; Thomas Lufkin; John L. R. Rubenstein Dlx transcription factors are implicated in patterning the mammalian jaw,based on their nested expression patterns in the first branchial arch(primordium for jaw) and mutant phenotypes; inactivation...

... propose that Six2 acts to mediate Hoxa2 control over the insulin-like growth factor pathway during branchial arch development. Hoxa2 -null and Six2 -null mutant mice have been described( Gendron-Maguire et al., 1993 ; Self et al., 2006 ). 900Six2-lacZ transgenic mice and the a2-Six2 transgene...

... survival and differentiation into diverse derivatives,including cornea, trigeminal ganglion and branchial arch cartilage. Despite their ability to migrate to the periocular region, neither cardiac nor trunk neural crest contribute appropriately to the cornea, with cardiac crest cells often forming ectopic...

... neural crest. Cell 75 , 1317 -1331. Grammatopoulos, G. A., Bell, E., Toole, L., Lumsden, A. and Tucker, A. S. ( 2000 ). Homeotic transformation of branchial arch identity after Hoxa2 overexpression. Development 127 , 5355 -5365. Gurdon, J. B. and Bourillot, P. Y. ( 2001 ). Morphogen...

... of the lower jaw and bapx1 specifies the jaw joint. ‡ Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 10 12 2002 © 2003. 2003 Zebrafish endothelin 1 hand2 bapx1 Joints Jaw Pharynx Pharyngeal arch Branchial arch The skeleton of derived vertebrates consists...

... opercular apparatus of teleosts. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 3 12 2002 © 2003. 2003 Endothelin 1 Pharyngeal arch Branchial arch Operculum Dermal bone Morphogen Zebrafish Teleosts are highly derived ray-finned fish and comprise...

.... K., Long, J. E., Presley, R., Meneses, J. J., Pedersen, R. A. and Rubenstein, J. L. ( 1999 ). Dlx5 regulates regional development of the branchial arches and sensory capsules. Development 126 , 3831 -3846. Depew, M. J., Tucker, A. S. and Sharpe, P. T. ( 2002 ). In Mouse Development (ed...

... of these four genes to be expressed in the mouse. We have previously described discrete enhancers that drive Myf5 expression in epaxial and hypaxial somites, branchial arches and central nervous system, and argued that additional elements are required for proper expression (Summerbell, D., Ashby, P. R...

... and thus distinct enhancers, and cognate transcription factors, are required to interpret them. ¶ Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 20 06 2000 09 08 2000 © 2000 by Company of Biologists 2000 Myf5 Myogenic regulatory factor MRF Muscle Branchial arch...

...Bethan L. Thomas; Jen Kuei Liu; John L. R. Rubenstein; Paul T. Sharpe ABSTRACT Dlx2 , a member of the distal-less gene family, is expressed in the first branchial arch, prior to the initiation of tooth development, in distinct, non-overlapping domains in the mesenchyme and the epithelium...

... properties required to direct odontogenesis, which are not found in other branchial arch epithelia. As a consequence, development of jaw-specific skeletal structures may require some prespecification of maxillary ectomesenchyme to restrict the instructive influence of the epithelial signals and allow...

... . Examples include: the loss of both rhombomeres 4 and 5, the selective loss of the 2 nd branchial arch, and the loss of most, but not all, 2 nd branchial arch-derived tissues. We suggest that the early role for both of these genes in hindbrain development is specification of rhombomere identities...

... malformations. Dlx5 may perform a general role in skeletal differentiation, as exemplified by hypomineralization within the calvaria. The distinct focal defects within the branchial arches of the Dlx1, Dlx2 and Dlx5 mutants, along with the nested expression of their RNAs, support a model in which these genes...

... Fgf-8 CD44 Branchial arch Limb Mouse Early embryonic development of the facial processes and limb buds has been considered to share some common basic mechanisms despite the mesenchymal cells having different embryonic origins. The mesenchymal cells that contribute to oral and facial hard...

... domain in which neural crest cells exhibit (with a few exceptions) the same Hox code as the rhombomeres from which they originate. By altering the normal distribution of neural crest cells in the branchial arches through appropriate embryonic manipulations, we have investigated the relationships between...

...Adam Hacker; Sarah Guthrie ABSTRACT Cells of the cranial paraxial mesoderm give rise to parts of the skull and muscles of the head. Some mesoderm cells migrate from locations close to the hindbrain into the branchial arches where they undergo muscle differentiation. We have characterised...

... facies, thymic hypoplasia, c left palate, h ypocalcemia, associated with chromosome 22 microdeletion) syndrome, exhibit craniofacial and cardiac defects resulting from abnormal development of the third and fourth neural crest-derived branchial arches and branchial arch arteries. Mice harboring a null...

... of Medicine, Kobe 650, Japan † Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 08 12 1998 04 02 1998 © 1998 by Company of Biologists 1998 Mouse Neural crest Heart Branchial arch Melanocyte Enteric neuron Protease ECE-1 Neural crest cells arise at the dorsal...