... signaling dynamics. Using precise temporal manipulation of BMP and Nodal signaling, we identify a critical developmental window during which high or low BMP/Nodal ratios induce neuroectoderm- or mesoderm-driven C&E, respectively. Increased BMP activity similarly enhances C&E specifically...

... plate. * P <0.05, ** P <0.005, **** P <0.0001, Welch's t -test (E,J) and Mann–Whitney test (P). See Table S6 for source data. Scale bars: 50 µm. As previously reported, BMP and Wnt activities are maintained in RA-depleted dorsal NTs as opposed to their normal downregulation in the RP...

... inhibited tooth formation. Thus, similar to known roles in hair regeneration, Wnt and BMP signals promote and inhibit regeneration, respectively. Regulation of total tooth number was separable from regulation of replacement rates. RNA sequencing of stickleback dental tissue showed that Bmp6 overexpression...

... in the oral epithelium. Building on previous knowledge, we explored the hair-inductive ability of the Wnt agonist R-spondin 1 and a Bmp receptor inhibitor in embryonic skin explants. Although R-spondin 1 instigated precocious placode-specific transcriptional responses, it was insufficient for hair follicle...

... cartilage Regeneration Fibroblasts BMP There are two crucial variables for generating cartilage in culture: cell source and differentiation protocol. With respect to the cell source, P3 fibroblasts differentiate into both articular and hypertrophic chondrocytes following treatment with BMP9 ( Yu et...

...Molly R. Kulikauskas; Morgan Oatley; Tianji Yu; Ziqing Liu; Lauren Matsumura; Elise Kidder; Dana Ruter; Victoria L. Bautch ABSTRACT BMP signaling is crucial to blood vessel formation and function, but how pathway components regulate vascular development is not well-understood. Here, we find...

... that they also share gene expression profiles with vertebrate anterior neural tissue and cranial placodes, their study should shed light on the emergence of the unique vertebrate telencephalon. We show that BMP signaling regulates two phases of palp formation in Ciona intestinalis . During gastrulation...

... are a predominant cause of congenital thyroid diseases. The first molecularly recognizable step of thyroid development is the specification of thyroid precursors in anterior foregut endoderm. Recent studies have identified crucial roles of FGF and BMP signaling in thyroid specification, but the interplay between...

...Julie Gamart; Iros Barozzi; Frédéric Laurent; Robert Reinhardt; Laurène Ramos Martins; Thomas Oberholzer; Axel Visel; Rolf Zeller; Aimée Zuniga ABSTRACT SMAD4 regulates gene expression in response to BMP and TGFβ signal transduction, and is required for diverse morphogenetic processes, but its...

...Mari Ichinose; Nobumi Suzuki; Tongtong Wang; Hiroki Kobayashi; Laura Vrbanac; Jia Q. Ng; Josephine A. Wright; Tamsin R. M. Lannagan; Krystyna A. Gieniec; Martin Lewis; Ryota Ando; Atsushi Enomoto; Simon Koblar; Paul Thomas; Daniel L. Worthley; Susan L. Woods ABSTRACT Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP...

.../tyrosine residues, resulting in the formation of the ShcA-Grb2-Sos complex. The resulting complex activates Ras and then the downstream Raf-MEK-ERK cascade, and may also activate AKT signaling. TGFβ and BMP may activate the Rho family of small GTPases, including RhoA, Rho-associated protein kinase...

...-binding zinc fingers in separate BMP- Smad and Olf signaling pathways . Cell   100 , 229 - 240 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81561-5 Hong , C.-J. and Hamilton , B. A. ( 2016 ). Zfp423 regulates sonic hedgehog signaling via primary cilium function . PLoS Genet.   12 , e1006357 . 10.1371...

...Alexis R. Lanza; Elaine C. Seaver ABSTRACT The TGF-β superfamily comprises two distinct branches: the Activin/Nodal and BMP pathways. During development, signaling by this superfamily regulates a variety of embryological processes, and it has a conserved role in patterning the dorsal-ventral body...

... give rise to zymogenic cells in culture. Modulating the activity of the WNT, BMP and Notch pathways in vivo and ex vivo , we found that WNTs are essential for the maintenance of Lgr5 + epithelial cells. Notch prevents differentiation of the embryonic epithelial cells along all secretory lineages...

..., we use the BMP signaling inhibitor LDN193189 on Ambystoma mexicanum to explore the role of BMPs in regeneration. We find that BMP signaling is required for proper expression of various patterning genes and that its inhibition causes major defects in the regenerated limbs. Fgf8 is downregulated when...

... the possibility of secondary effects across tissues mediated by Shh depletion. Two candidates are BMP, which acts antagonistically to Shh ( Dessaud et al., 2007 ; Ericson et al., 1997a ; McMahon et al., 1998 ), and retinoic acid from the somite that affects NT development ( Diez del Corral et al., 2003...

... protein (BMP) signal transduction in postnatal mice, with BMP signaling being restricted to basal VSNs and at the marginal zones of the VNO: the site of neurogenesis. Using different Smad4 conditional knockout mouse models, we disrupted canonical TGFβ/BMP signaling in either maturing basal VSNs (bVSNs...

... between GSCs and daughter cells, and overproliferation of GSC progeny. Mechanistically, Wh interacts with Mei-p26 in different cellular contexts to induce cell type-specific effects. In GSCs, Wh and Mei-p26 promote BMP stemness signaling for proper GSC division and maintenance. In GSC progeny, Wh and Mei...

... by compressive loads resulting from unequal growth of the heart and pericardial cavity. Observations on a physical simulation model . Front. Physiol.   5 , 112 . 10.3389/fphys.2014.00112 Breckenridge , R. A. , Mohun , T. J. and Amaya , E. ( 2001 ). A role for BMP signalling in heart...

.... Using a zebrafish model and a combination of genetic tools, pharmacological agents and quantitative in vivo imaging, we reveal that a coordinated collective movement of DP cells drives PE formation. We found that Bmp signaling and the actomyosin cytoskeleton promote constriction of the DP, which enables...