... an embryonic process that played a fundamental step in the evolution of avian flight. Tissue used for making RNA was manually dissected using fine forceps. Three replicate experiments were performed from each condition and the tissue from several embryos was pooled before the RNA was extracted using Trizol...

... species and is posited to control avian germ cell formation. We show that TALENs mediate homology-directed repair of the DDX4 locus on the Z sex chromosome at high (8.1%) efficiencies. Large genetic deletions of 30 kb encompassing the entire DDX4 locus were also created using a single TALEN pair...

... Avian Quail The first hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) emerge during the initial phase of embryonic development in the form of cell aggregates, designated hematopoietic clusters, that are intimately associated with endothelial cells (ECs) in the floor of the dorsal aorta...

... The authors declare no competing financial interests. 10 4 2013 © 2013. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2013 Amniotes Avian Blastopore Gastrulation Mesoderm Primitive streak The mesoderm is one of the three principle germ layers and is formed during...

...) Competing interests statement The authors declare no competing financial interests. 20 3 2013 © 2013. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2013 Pax6 Boundaries Hindbrain Rhombomere Segmentation Avian Mouse During CNS development, the hindbrain...

...Petr Valasek; Raymond Macharia; Winfried L. Neuhuber; Joerg Wilting; David L. Becker; Ketan Patel The lymph heart is a sac-like structure on either side of avian tail. In some adult birds, it empties the lymph from the copulatory organ; however,during embryonic development, it is thought...

... in patterning craniofacial and forebrain structures,but an earlier role in anterior patterning is not well understood. We show that enzymes involved in synthesizing retinoids are expressed in the avian hypoblast and in tissues directly involved in head patterning, such as anterior definitive endoderm...

...) 26 08 1998 © 1998 by Company of Biologists 1998 Enteric Neuron Glia Neural crest Avian Gut The embryonic origin of the neurons and glia that form the enteric nervous system (ENS), the intrinsic innervation of the gastrointestinal tract, has long been a subject...

... protein product is secreted from transfected cells and interacts with the avian VEGFR3 and VEGFR2. In situ hybridization shows that quail VEGF-C mRNA is strongly expressed in regions destined to be rich in lymphatic vessels, particularly the mesenteries, mesocardium and myotome, in the region surrounding...

...-mail: [email protected]) 17 04 1997 © 1997 by Company of Biologists 1997 avian heart hypoblast mesoderm induction myocardium specification epiblast The first mesodermally derived organ to form in many vertebrates is the heart, which initially arises as a simple tube...

... crest migration in avian embryos using monoclonal antibody HNK-1 . Dev. Biol . 115 , 44 – 55 . 10.1016/0012-1606(86)90226-5 Bronner-Fraser , M. (1988). Distribution and function of tenascin during cranial neural crest development in the chick . J. Neurosci.Res . 21 , 135 – 147...

... © 1990 by Company of Biologists 1990 ontogeny immunocytochemistry process outgrowth pathway formation axonal growth pattern propriospinal spinal cord avian Previous studies, including two reports from our labora-tory, have shown that intersegmental projection neur-ons...