... and sufficient to specify endomesoderm. We show that endomesoderm specification is crucial for anteroposterior axis establishment in the ectoderm. The endomesoderm secretes as yet unidentified signals that posteriorize the ectoderm, which would otherwise adopt an anterior fate. Our results point to a conserved...

... for correspondence ( aykanai@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp ) 10 11 2009 © 2010. 2010 Sry Sox9 Fgf9 Sertoli cell Sex differentiation Gonad Anteroposterior axis Mouse In mammals, Sry (sex determining region of Chr Y) is cell-autonomously essential in the supporting cells...

...., 1997 ), can signal through β-catenin-independent mechanisms, and control processes, such as cell polarity and directional movement ( Witze et al.,2008 ). Anteroposterior axis Brain patterning Evi/Wls Planarians Regeneration Wnt signaling © 2009. 2009 12 1 2009...

.... and Agata, K. ( 2005 ). Neural projections in planarian brain revealed by fluorescent dye tracing. Zoolog. Sci. 22 , 535 -546. Orii, H., Kato, K., Umesono, Y., Sakurai, T., Agata, K. and Watanabe, K. ( 1999 ). The planarian HOM/HOX homeobox genes(Plox) expressed along the anteroposterior axis. Dev...

... in the pregastrular embryo and, in addition, disrupts the proper alignment of the anteroposterior axis with the shape of the embryo and the uterine axes at embryonic day (E) 6.5. Importantly, Fgf8 -null embryos display the same phenotype as Fgf8b -deficient embryos at E6.5, demonstrating that signaling by Fgf8b...

... (e-mail: rlyczak@ursinus.edu ) 6 9 2006 © 2006. 2006 C. elegans Anteroposterior axis Meiotic exit PAM-1 CYB-3 Aminopeptidase In Caenorhabditis elegans , sperm entry into the oocyte triggers the completion of meiosis. Before oocyte maturation, the oocyte chromosomes...

... to the extraembryonic structures and the anteroposterior axis during gastrulation of the mouse embryo. Development 126 , 4691 -4701. King, T., Beddington, R. S. and Brown, N. A. ( 1998 ). The role of the brachyury gene in heart development and left-right specification in the mouse. Mech. Dev. 79 , 29 -37...

... Anteroposterior axis Embryo patterning The trophoblast of the definitive placenta in mammals mediates fetomaternal interactions promoting growth and viability of the fetus. The definitive placental stage begins around embryonic day (E) 9.5-10.5 in mice with fusion of the chorion and allantois...

... that regulate early embryonic development. We have defined genes whose expression is regulated by β-catenin during formation of the anteroposterior axis and the mesoderm, and have identified Cripto, which encodes a Nodal co-receptor, as a primary target of β-catenin signals both in embryogenesis as well...

...Noemí Cambray; Valerie Wilson Elongation of the mouse anteroposterior axis depends on a small population of progenitors initially located in the primitive streak and later in the tail bud. Gene expression and lineage tracing have shown that there are many features common to these progenitor...

...-mail: christoph.viebahn@medizin.uni-halle.de ) 19 2 2002 © 2002. 2002 Primitive streak Epiblast Anteroposterior axis Gastrula BrdU DiI Lagomorph The common element in different forms of vertebrate gastrulation is the generation of the germ layers. They establish (1) the internal milieu...

... in mesoderm formation. We find that nodal signaling is required for correct positioning of the anteroposterior axis, normal anterior and midline patterning, and the left- right asymmetric development of the heart, vasculature, lungs and stomach. ‡ Author for correspondence (e-mail: mkuehn@mail.nih.gov...

...Shuichi Wada; You Katsuyama; Hidetoshi Saiga Patterning along the anteroposterior axis is a critical step during animal embryogenesis. Although mechanisms of anteroposterior patterning in the neural tube have been studied in various chordates, little is known about those of the epidermis...

... of the embryo. This feature marks the appearance of the primitive streak, where mesoderm is produced by delamination of epiblast cells ( Tam and Behringer, 1997 , for a review). HNF3 β Lim1 Anteroposterior axis Mesoderm Patterning Visceral endoderm © 1999 by Company of Biologists 1999...

... and the PZ are important centers in the specification of the anteroposterior axis in the limbs. The localization of cFHF-1 and cFHF-2 transcripts to these regions represents the first examples of FGF family members that are expressed in such restricted domains in the distal limb mesoderm. We have shown...

... unknown nature. We searched for transcription factors that transduce this information to the Hox genes. Based on the assumption that the activity levels of such factors might vary with position along the anteroposterior axis, we devised an in vivo assay to detect responsiveness of cis -acting sequences...

... . The expression of these genes defined a precise anteroposterior axis in shield explants. When conjugated to animal caps, the shield frequently induced expression of anterior neural markers. More posterior markers were rarely induced, suggesting that anterior and posterior neural induction are separable events...

... cord. Here we present evidence that bFGF can mimic the organizer action by inducing Xenopus ectoderm cells in culture to express four position-specific neural markers ( XeNK-2, En-2, XlHbox1 and XlHbox6 ) along the anteroposterior axis. bFGF also induced the expression of a general neural marker NCAM...

... in the nurse cells and transferred into the oocyte at a defined time during oogenesis. The maternal transcripts of Bombyx cad formed a concentration gradient spanning the anteroposterior axis during the gastrulation stage and were restricted to the anal pad, the most posterior domain, after 2 days...

... node primitive streak regionalization anteroposterior axis engrailed HIXboxl Embryonic induction has been defined as “an interaction between one (inducing) tissue and another (responding) tissue as a result of which the responding tissue undergoes a change in its direction...