...-posterior axis patterning. Wnt signaling Axin Sea urchin Anterior-posterior axis Animal-vegetal axis Endomesoderm During embryonic development in most bilaterally symmetrical animals (Bilateria), the establishment of the anterior-posterior (AP) and dorsal-ventral (DV) axes are two early...

... of the GV and subsequent polarization processes, which are likely mediated by actin-driven cortical flow, establish the animal-vegetal axis in mature eggs, although there is a possibility that displacement of something other than the GV by centrifugation may be involved in the polarity reversal...

... the animal-vegetal axis. ‡ Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) * Present address: NIH/NIDCR, 30 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA † Present address: School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester,Rochester, NY 14642, USA 15 12 2004 ©2005...

... of the blastocyst was seen (see legend to Fig. 4 ), even where the labeled 1/2 blastomere was obviously larger or more advanced than its sister. Fig. 6. The relationship of the axes and plane of bilateral symmetry of the early blastocyst to the animal-vegetal axis of the zygote and first cleavage plane...

... of the postimplantation embryo (see R. J. Weber, R. A. Pedersen, F. Wianny, M. J. Evans and M. Zernicka-Goetz (1999). Development 126, 5591-5598). The embryonic axes of the mouse can therefore be related to the position of the polar body at the 8-cell stage, and by implication, to the animal-vegetal axis of the zygote...

...-mail: [email protected] ) 8 February 2000 16 December 1999 © 2000 by Company of Biologists 2000 BMP2 BMP4 Animal-vegetal axis Ectoderm NOGGIN Classic experiments conducted more than 50 years ago demonstrated that the deuterostome sea urchin embryo elaborates...

... with a cis element that is essential for transcription of SpAN , a gene that is activated cell autonomously and expressed asymmetrically along the animal-vegetal axis. In vitro translated SpSoxB1 forms a specific complex with this cis element whose mobility is identical to that formed by a protein in nuclear...

... blastocyst bilateral symmetry bilateral axis polar bodies animal-vegetal axis zygote intercellular bridges midbodies clonal analysis ionic coupling dye coupling lineage labelling embryonic-abembryonic axis DiI fluorescein complexon Spatial patterning of the egg has been implicated...

... et al., Cell 67: 459482, 1991). Several lines of evidence suggest that the VEB genes are regulated directly by factors or regulatory activities localized along the maternally specificed animal-vegetal axis. Fig. 9. Accumulation of VEB mRNAs is independent of cell-cell interactions. Embryos...

...Rosamund C. Smith ABSTRACT The patterns of proteins synthesized in animal and vegetal regions of Xenopus oocytes, eggs and embryos were examined by 2D gel electrophoresis. In oocytes and eggs, the only proteins synthesized asymmetrically along the animal–vegetal axis were a small number of proteins...