... induction assay involving Chordin plus Wnt3a -injected animal caps, Lrig3 morpholino inhibited expression of Slug , Sox9 and Foxd3 , but not of Pax3 and Zic1. In line with this, Lrig3 knockdown prevented NC marker induction by Pax3 and Zic1 , suggesting that Lrig3 acts downstream of these two genes in NC...

.... In the absence of functional assays in Hydra with specific read-outs for distinct cellular fates, we used a heterologous system - the Xenopus animal caps - as an assay system to test whether both Hydra paralogues have functionally diverged. This assay system is ideal, because this naive tissue, which...

... to the midline. These results suggest that tbx-c plays a role in formation of the midline mesoderm, particularly, the notochord. Moreover, modulation of tbx-c activity alters the development of primary motor neurons. Results of in vitro analysis in zebrafish animal caps suggest that tbx-c acts downstream...

... in the nuclei of the liver, gall bladder, gut and pronephros of the developing larvae. In animal cap explants treated with activin A together with retinoic acid, we induced HNF1α in pronephric tubules and epithelial gut cells, i.e. in mesodermal as well as in endodermal tissues. HNF1α can also be induced...

... of markers for oral and aboral ectoderm in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Lytechinus pictus was investigated. When pairs of mesomeres or animal caps, which are fated to give rise to ectoderm, were isolated and cultured they developed into ciliated embryoids that were morphologically polarized. In animal...

... and suggests a possible wider role in dorsoventral patterning. To identify the signals involved in regulating this pattern of expression, we performed experiments with embryo explants. GATA-2 is activated autonomously in isolated animal caps and this activation is suppressed by the mesoderm-inducing factor...

...E. A. Jones; H. R. Woodland ABSTRACT Grafting, together with tissue identification by monoclonal antibodies, has been used to study the allocation of Xenopus animal cap cells to the ectodermal or mesodermal lineages. Animal cap cells become responsive at stage and lose responsiveness to mesodermal...