...Koichi Hasegawa; Takeshi K. Matsui; Junpei Kondo; Ken-ichiro Kuwako ABSTRACT During neural development, the actin filament network must be precisely regulated to form elaborate neurite structures. N-WASP tightly controls actin polymerization dynamics by activating an actin nucleator Arp2/3. However...

... the importance of the cytoskeleton, including actin filaments and microtubules, in rice development and environmental responses. Yet, reliable in vivo cytoskeleton markers are lacking in rice, which limits our knowledge of cytoskeletal functions in living cells. Therefore, we generated bright fluorescent marker...

...Meng-Meng Shan; Yuan-Jing Zou; Zhen-Nan Pan; Hao-Lin Zhang; Yi Xu; Jia-Qian Ju; Shao-Chen Sun ABSTRACT Mammalian oocyte maturation is a unique asymmetric division, which is mainly because of actin-based spindle migration to the cortex. In the present study, we report that a kinesin motor KIFC1...

... reconstruction Actin Development Image processing Nucleus Directional left-right (LR) asymmetry, which is evident in the external and internal morphology of many animals, is genetically determined ( Davison, 2020 ; Hobert et al., 2002 ; Inaki et al., 2018a , b ; Kuroda, 2015 ). Recent studies show...

... changes. (A) Remodeling of the actin cortex enforces new cell-shape changes after Myosin II-driven cell-shape changes. During this process, primary actin filaments (red) are disassembled and then re-form (blue) to take on the shape of the new cell topology. (B) Endocytic pathways can direct the uptake...

... crossover between sister PVD dendrites. Our genetic analysis suggests that FMI-1 promotes transient F-actin assembly at the tips of contacting sister dendrites to facilitate their efficient retraction during self-avoidance events, probably by interacting with WSP-1/N-WASP. Mutations of vang-1 , which...

... in corticofugal projections and axonal growth cones in Klc1 −/− mice. By live-cell imaging of CB1R-eGFP we characterized the axonal transport of CB1R vesicles and described the defects in transport that arise after KLC1 deletion. Cofilin activation, which is necessary for actin dynamics during growth cone...

...Ashley A. DeAguero; Lizzet Castillo; Sandy T. Oas; Kaveh Kiani; Anton L. Bryantsev; Richard M. Cripps ABSTRACT Serum response factor (SRF) has an established role in controlling actin homeostasis in mammalian cells, yet its role in non-vertebrate muscle development has remained enigmatic. Here, we...

... of a dynamic filopodium-like branchlet. The mechanisms underlying the initiation of dendrite branchlets are therefore crucial to the shaping of dendrites. Through in vivo time-lapse imaging of the subcellular localization of actin during the process of branching of Drosophila larva sensory neurons, combined...

...Hong-Hui Wang; Yu Zhang; Feng Tang; Meng-Hao Pan; Xiang Wan; Xiao-Han Li; Shao-Chen Sun ABSTRACT Cytoskeletal dynamics are involved in multiple cellular processes during oocyte meiosis, including spindle organization, actin-based spindle migration and polar body extrusion. Here, we report...

... by RhoGAP-mediated exclusion of PAR-6 from cell contacts . Science   320 , 1771 - 1774 . 10.1126/science.1156063 Barmich , M. J. , Rogers , S. and Häcker , U. ( 2005 ). DRhoGEF2 regulates actin organization and contractility in the Drosophila blastoderm embryo . J. Cell Biol.   168...

... and to specifically decipher the mechanisms controlling collective cell migration. Here, we identify the Drosophila Insulin/Insulin-like growth factor signalling (IIS) pathway as a key regulator in controlling actin dynamics in border cells, independently of its function in growth control. Loss of IIS activity blocks...

..., distributing in a PAR-dependent manner along the anterior–posterior (A–P) embryonic axis. PIP 2 cortical structures overlap with F-actin, and coincide with the actin regulators RHO-1 and CDC-42, as well as ECT-2. Particle image velocimetry analysis revealed that PIP 2 and F-actin cortical movements are coupled...

...Rob van der Kammen; Ji-Ying Song; Iris de Rink; Hans Janssen; Stefania Madonna; Claudia Scarponi; Cristina Albanesi; Wim Brugman; Metello Innocenti The Arp2/3 complex assembles branched actin filaments, which are key to many cellular processes, but its organismal roles remain poorly understood...

... 2017 http://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Summary: This Review emphasizes the role of the actomyosin meshwork in determining the forces that operate within and between cells and their environment to shape and organize cells and tissues. Actin Contractility Morphogenesis...

... is associated with diseases including cancer. However, how the undesired activation of PKC is prevented during development remains poorly understood. We have previously shown that a protein kinase, IKKε, is active at the growing bristle tip and regulates actin bundle organization during Drosophila bristle...

... development. However, the cytoskeletal mechanisms that drive radial glial outgrowth and maintain RGC polarity remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the Arp2/3 complex – the unique actin nucleator that produces branched actin networks – plays essential roles in RGC polarity and morphogenesis. Disruption...

... is responsible for mediating RC tyrosine phosphorylation, and loss of Src64 causes a reduction in RC diameter within germline cysts. Mechanistically, we show that Src64 controls an actin network around the RCs that depends on Abl and the Rac/SCAR/Arp2/3 pathway. The actin network around RCs is required...

... altered dorsal organizer and mesendodermal gene expression, due to impaired dorsal determinant transport and Nodal signaling. Mechanistically, MZ dchs1b phenotypes can be explained in part by defective actin or microtubule networks, which appear bundled in mutants. Accordingly, disruption of actin...

... of distally pointing cuticular hairs. Using in vivo imaging we found that, early in hair growth, cells have multiple actin bundles and hairs that subsequently fuse into a single growing hair. The downstream PCP gene multiple wing hairs ( mwh ) plays a key role in this process and acts to antagonize the actin...