Issues

Summary: This Primer gives an overview of Xenopus as a model system for studying regeneration, comparing the two species X. laevis and X. tropicalis, and highlighting how Xenopus studies have enhanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of regeneration.

Summary: In this Primer, we review the roles of SUMO, a ubiquitin-like protein, in developmental processes such as signaling, epigenetic regulation, neurogenesis and neurodegeneration.

Highlighted Article: The PLT-CUC2 module acts in a feed-forward loop to increase the local auxin biosynthesis at the wound site. This drives vascular regeneration in aerial organs of plants.

Highlighted Article: Maternal age-induced epigenetic changes in the uterus interfere with the induction of decidualisation genes, and thereby impede the early gestational adaptations that are essential for a successful pregnancy.

Summary: Left-right asymmetric neurogenesis of the vertebrate habenula depends on tight control of Wnt/β-catenin signaling involving a Wif1-mediated regulatory feedback loop.

Summary: Post-translational monoubiquitylation modification of key transcription factors plays a vital role in regulation of noradrenergic neuron development.

Summary: Differential occupation of two enhancers defines sex-specific regulation of Irx3 and Irx5 in fetal gonads: repressor marks inhibit in testes, while active marks engage with β-catenin/TCF to stimulate in ovaries.

Highlighted Article: A multicellular model of auxin transport in the Arabidopsis root tip reveals the importance of intercellular plasmodesmata in maintaining auxin pattern and fluxes.

Summary: The evolution of serrations at the leaf margin requires a fine tuning of cell growth; the transcription factor CUC3 is crucial for maintaining local and transient repression of growth in a few sinus cells.

Summary: Conditional knockout of Cxxc1 in mouse pre-meiotic germ cells led to a decrease in H3K4me3, dysregulation of crossover formation and meiotic arrest, revealing an essential role for CXXC1 in spermatogenesis and oogenesis.

Summary: The temporal transcription factor E93 controls both activation and deactivation of different target enhancers in the same cells to respond to spatial cues through regulation of chromatin accessibility.

Summary: Maintaining actin dynamics is crucial for cell motility. Post-transcriptional regulation plays a pivotal role in supporting actin dynamics during neuronal migration.

Highlighted Article: Transcriptional, signaling and cellular programs governing pig pancreatic islet development exhibit striking similarities to human islet ontogeny, providing a novel resource for advancing human islet replacement strategies.

Summary: A single cell transcriptome at three stages of zebrafish hindbrain development provides a valuable resource for investigations of the patterning of neurogenesis and transition of progenitors to neuronal differentiation.