With the completion of the sequencing of the human genome and of the genomes of other model organisms, there is a need to understand the function of each of those genes. One way to do this is to integrate this genome-wide information with patterns of gene expression, and, with this in mind, several projects have been initiated to examine global gene expression patterns during development and in the adult. The mammalian brain presents a particular challenge for an undertaking of this nature owing to the intricacies of its structure and the complexity of its gene expression patterns. In the early 1990s, the US National Institutes of Health launched what became the Brain Mapping Anatomy Project (BMAP), which had the ambitious goal of producing a systematic, three-dimensional map of gene expression in the mammalian brain(the brains of human, monkey and mouse) for all of the genes in the genome. The Allen...

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