Signalling through the transmembrane receptor Notch is central to many cell-fate decisions in metazoan development. Activation of Notch by its ligands - Delta and Serrate in Drosophila - is regulated by O-fucosylation within the epidermal growth factor (EGF) repeats of Notch. To find out which of the many potential O-fucosylation sites are important for Notch activation, Lei et al. assayed the effects of eliminating several putative Notch O-fucose attachment sites on Notch activation in Drosophila wing cells (see p. 6411). Out of the four conserved sites tested, only elimination of the O-fucosylation site in Notch EGF12 prevented the normal inhibition of Serrate-to-Notch signalling by Fringe, a glycosyltransferase that elongates O-fucose chains. These and other results indicate that inhibition of Notch-Serrate binding by O-fucosylation of Notch EGF12 is needed in certain contexts to allow efficient regulation of Notch signalling.

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