...Leah Eller; Lei Wang; Mehmet Oguz Gok; Helin Hocaoglu; Shenlu Qin; Parul Gupta; Matthew H. Sieber ABSTRACT As cells transition between periods of growth and quiescence, their metabolic demands change. During this transition, cells must coordinate changes in mitochondrial function with the induction...

... led to increased death due to heat shock in neuronal cells and Drosophila . Our study offers a novel insight into the role of GS and glycogen metabolic pathways in heat shock response in neuronal cells. The process of autophagy induction in response to heat stress encompasses multiple pathways. One...

... and immune response genes. Metabolism was also differentially affected by weak and strong ND-75 knockdown including gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels, which may contribute to neuronal dysfunction in ND-75 knockdown flies. Several metabolic processes were only affected by strong ND-75 knockdown including...

... to maternal glucocorticoids via metabolism, yet the placenta itself responds to glucocorticoids to regulate offspring growth and development. In oviparous species, maternal glucocorticoids can be deposited into the egg yolk and are metabolized early in development. This metabolism is mediated...

...Shrivani Sriskanthadevan-Pirahas; Abdul Qadeer Tinwala; Michael J. Turingan; Shahoon Khan; Savraj S. Grewal ABSTRACT Macrophages play critical roles in regulating and maintaining tissue and whole-body metabolism in normal and disease states. While the cell–cell signaling pathways that underlie...

...Priyanka Sarkar; Susmita Misra; Agamani Ghosal; Soumyajit Mukherjee; Alok Ghosh; Geetanjali Sundaram ABSTRACT Cell cycle regulation in response to biochemical cues is a fundamental event associated with many diseases. The regulation of such responses in complex metabolic environments is poorly...

... that these defects where phenocopied by mutations in taf1 and taf5 . Mechanistically, taf5-/- zebrafish displayed misregulation in metabolic gene expression and metabolism as evidenced by RNA sequencing, respiration assays, and metabolite studies. Collectively, these findings suggest that the TAF complex may...

... metabolism by Zika virus (ZIKV) to support its replication may contribute to damage in the developing fetal brain. Here, we showed that ZIKV replicates differently in two glycolytically distinct pools of cortical progenitors derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), which resemble...

...Soma Tokunaga; Yuuki Y. Watanabe; Mai Kawano; Yuuki Kawabata ABSTRACT Gestation periods vary greatly across elasmobranch species. Differences in body size and body temperature (i.e. major determinants of metabolic rates) might explain such variation. Although temperature effects have been...

...Nicolas J. Fasel; Colin Vullioud; Michel Genoud ABSTRACT Torpor is a state of controlled reduction of metabolic rate ( M ) in endotherms. Assigning measurements of M to torpor or euthermy can be challenging, especially when the difference between euthermic M and torpid M is small, in species...

... and coordination, resulting in energy savings per capita? To understand how stress affects metabolic rate, we used constant-volume respirometry to measure the metabolism of fire ant workers. Group metabolic rates were measured in a series of conditions: at normal state, at three elevated temperatures, during...

...Maria J. Rivera; Altagracia Contreras; LongThy T. Nguyen; Elizabeth D. Eldon; Lisa S. Klig ABSTRACT Myo -inositol is a precursor of the membrane phospholipid, phosphatidylinositol (PI). It is involved in many essential cellular processes including signal transduction, energy metabolism, endoplasmic...

..., vasculogenesis, and reactive oxygen species metabolism. Transcripts higher in the first trimester were associated with synthesis and ER processing of peptide hormones, and glycolytic pathways. Transcripts encoding proteins mediating transport of oxygen, lipids, protein, glucose, and ions were significantly...

...) and determined fat storage as well as metabolic adaptations after stimulations with oleic acid. We could recapitulate the complex networks that control lipid and glucose metabolism and we identified distinct gene expression profiles related to the steatosis phenotype of the donor. In an attempt to reverse...

... a high abundance of TCA intermediates ( Est; ez-Garc; et al., 2014 ), and that metabolic pathways influence cell cycle progression ( Almeida et al., 2010 ; Duan and Pagano, 2011 ). Interestingly, growing evidence indicates there is a metabolic checkpoint in controlling cell cycle progression from G 1...

... of anaerobic metabolism if the activity is sustained for prolonged periods. With that being said, abalone are highly reliant on anaerobic metabolism to provide partial compensation for energy production during oxygen-deprived episodes. However, current knowledge on the holistic metabolic response for energy...

... enzyme activities and membrane fatty acids, and to identify the metabolic risk factors related to OsHV-1-induced mortality of oysters. Acclimation to low salinity led to increased water content, protein level, and energetic reserves (carbohydrates and triglycerides) of oysters. The latter was consistent...

... and to begin to address questions related to cancer metabolism using the zebrafish model. Summary: The rate of tumor formation in a BRAF-driven zebrafish melanoma model can be significantly altered by increased feeding and opens a new avenue for studying the underlying metabolic pathways involved...

... of these traits in ectotherms. For comparison, we therefore investigated the metabolism, growth and muscle mitochondrial function in hatchlings of a turtle and a crocodilian, two ectotherms that never develop endothermy. Metabolic rate did not increase substantially in either species by 30 days post-hatching...

..., lowering ROS levels. By removing the stolons, the valve is not pulled open, metabolic demand is lowered, and the mitochondrion-rich cells slowly regress. Transmission electron microscopy identified mitochondrion-rich cells adjacent to a thick layer of mesoglea at polyp-stolon junctions. The myonemes...