...Jessica L. Tingle; Brian M. Sherman; Theodore Garland, Jr ABSTRACT For terrestrial locomotion of animals and machines, physical characteristics of the substrate can strongly impact kinematics and performance. Snakes are an especially interesting system for studying substrate effects because...

... range of the hydraulic joint. Based on the analysis of locomotor mechanics, a bouncing gait was mainly used by H. hainanum during terrestrial locomotion and their locomotor mechanism did not change with increasing speed. Because of the spiders’ hydraulic system, the mass-specific power per unit weight...

... also first identified by Brenner, and displayed the same locomotion and egg-laying defects as unc-7 mutants, which led to the proposal that these two genes probably function together in establishing electrical connectivity in the nervous system ( Barnes and Hekimi, 1997 ). eat-5 mutants were...

... Locomotion Rare disorders affect 4–8% of the global population ( Boycott et al., 2013 ) and approximately 80% of these disorders are predicted to have a genetic etiology ( Bick et al., 2019 ). In recent years, whole-exome sequencing (WES) emerged as a diagnostic tool for patients with rare disorders...

.... Here, we report a simple setup that consists of a custom-made light box equipped with white and 940 nm light-emitting diode (LED) light strips as light sources, where the locomotion activities of zebrafish or catfish are captured using an infrared-sensitive coupled charged device (CCD). The whole setup...

...Gabriel Antoniak; Tirthabir Biswas; Nelson Cortes; Siddhartha Sikdar; Chanwoo Chun; Vikas Bhandawat ABSTRACT Despite the overall complexity of legged locomotion, the motion of the center of mass (COM) itself is relatively simple, and can be qualitatively described by simple mechanical models...

...Benjamin J. H. Smith; James R. Usherwood ABSTRACT Gravity may influence multiple aspects of legged locomotion, from the periods of limbs moving as pendulums to the muscle forces required to support the body. We present a system for exposing mice to hypergravity using a centrifuge and studying...

... that was discussed before. Independent of how arm swing is executed, it appears to play an important part during human locomotion. However, what this role is exactly is still unknown. Several hypotheses have been formulated, among which: (a) reducing vertical displacement of the centre of mass (COM) ( Hinrichs...

... joint and running-specific prosthesis. Amputees Locomotion Prosthetic sprinting Paralympics Carbon-fiber running-specific prostheses (RSPs) allow individuals with lower-extremity amputation to regain running capacity, partly by providing the residual leg with a spring-like function...

...Soran Aminiaghdam; Christian Rode ABSTRACT Studies of disturbed human locomotion often focus on the dynamics of the gait when either posture, movement or surface is perturbed. Yet, the interaction effects of variation of trunk posture and ground level on kinetic behaviour of able-bodied gait have...

... after artificial application of oily liquids. In terms of adhesion, it is concluded that the semi-solid consistence of the natural adhesion-mediating secretion facilitates the detachment of the tarsus during locomotion. In terms of friction, on smooth to nanorough surfaces, the insects appear to benefit...

...Yoshiya Matsuzaka; Eiki Sato; Takeshi Kano; Hitoshi Aonuma; Akio Ishiguro ABSTRACT Ophiuroids locomote along the seafloor by coordinated rhythmic movements of multi-segmented arms. The mechanisms by which such coordinated movements are achieved are a focus of interest from the standpoints...

... with increases in running speed during accelerated sprinting. Kinetics Acceleration Running Locomotion Lower-extremity * Author for correspondence ( nagahara@nifs-k.ac.jp ) Competing interests The authors declare no competing or financial interests. Accelerated running, which...

... from sympatric host races to species in the pea aphid complex . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106 , 7495 - 7500 . 10.1073/pnas.0811117106 Phelan , P. L. , Montgomery , M. E. and Nault , L. R. ( 1976 ). Orientation and locomotion of apterous aphids dislodged from their hosts...

.... Saurichthys Ambush predators Fossil fish Locomotion CFD Palaeontology Modern actinopterygian fishes exhibit a wide variety of body shapes, adapted for – and indicative of – a number of different lifestyles (e.g. Greenway, 1965 ). General appearance of the body, shape and placement of fins...

... Domenici , P. ( 2010a ). Escape responses in fish: kinematics, performance, and behavior . In Fish Locomotion. An Eco-Ethological Prespective (ed. P. Domenici and B. G. Kapoor ), p. 534 . Enfield, NH ; Jersey ; Plymouth : Science Publishers . Domenici , P. ( 2010b...

... locomotion also influenced by human cell reconstitutions. Significant age-related day-to-day variability in movement, feeding and drinking behaviors were observed. We posit that this data serves to enable researchers to better design translational studies in this rapidly emerging field of mouse humanization...

... distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed. Fish Swimming Fluid dynamics Locomotion Muscle...

..., but operating at their physiological limits during this time. Winter Svalbard ptarmigan are unable to aerial run, an energy efficient mode of locomotion in summer birds ( Nudds et al., 2011 ), despite a reduced metabolic cost of terrestrial locomotion at all speeds ( Lees et al., 2010 ). In the absence...

...://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed. Biomechanics Breakpoint Locomotion Running Attractor Sprint running (sprinting) is a high-speed locomotion mode. The winner...