... work is properly attributed. Summary: Red–blue LED lights are being used in greenhouses to improve plant growth. The changed light spectrum may affect pollinators. We studied how these lights affect landing performance of foraging bumblebees. Bombus terrestris Insect flight Insect...

... of the wing. The rotational axis used in the present study are yaw ( θ 1 ), roll ( θ 2 ) and wing pitch ( θ 3 ). The angular velocities θ 1 , θ 2 and θ 3 are used to replicate the wing path during insect flight as a 2D simulation. Kinematic data by Ellington and Dudley ( Ellington, 1984...

... in earwig hindwings enable passive wing control during flapping flight. With an expansion of the claval flexion line, the highly foldable wing can withstand deformations during flapping flight and stay unfolded. Earwig hindwing Structural stabilisation Wing folding Insect flight Passive wing...