...Emily P. Harders; Mitch Agustin; Ryan T. Paitz ABSTRACT During times of maternal stress, developing embryos can be exposed to elevated levels of glucocorticoids, which can affect development and permanently alter offspring phenotype. In placental species, the placenta mediates fetal exposure...

... Macrophages Co-culture Psychological stress Homeostasis Glucocorticoid Serotonin Adipose tissue, apart from being the primary energy reserve and an important endocrine organ ( Kershaw and Flier, 2004 ), is also a source of fat-derived metabolically active substances ( Fain, 2006 ; Quinkler et al...

...Ellen I. Hartig; Shusen Zhu; Benjamin L. King; James A. Coffman ABSTRACT Chronic early-life stress increases adult susceptibility to numerous health problems linked to chronic inflammation. One way that this may occur is via glucocorticoid-induced developmental programming. To gain insight...