Issues

Summary: The disappearance of intraluminal vesicles in amphisomes/autolysosomes upon Atg9 depletion suggests that Atg9 has a specific role in intraluminal vesicle formation in autophagic compartments.

Summary: Here, we tested the zebrafish Kupffer's vesicle (KV) as a model organ to study, through in vivo imaging of KV volume, the stimulation of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease ADPKD.

Summary: Mice homozygous for a tm1b deleted allele have impaired glucose tolerance due to reduced insulin secretion associated with reduced islet mass, but no evidence of renal disease, suggesting a link between abnormal tryptophan metabolism and diabetes.

Summary: Using a targeted overexpression platform, we showed that Wnt activation induces ectopic foxj1a expression and ectopic cilia formation, and revealed two distinct roles of Foxj1a in conferring Wnt-governed left-right patterning.

Summary: Induction of long-term potentiation, which is a cellular model of learning and memory, mediates the selective targeting of the translational machinery on activated dendritic spines in vivo.

Summary: Quantification of the inter- and intra-individual variation in behavioural and kinematic components of escape performance of the tropical damselfish Amblyglyphidodon curacao found no evidence of habituation or fatigue due to repeated stimulations.

Summary: This study demonstrates that the circadian regulation of TNFRSF11B is regulated by the clock genes Nr1d1 and Arntl, which are components of the core loop of the circadian clock in osteoblasts, providing a molecular mechanism for the control of bone remodelling by circadian rhythms.

Summary: Sjogren's syndrome (SjS) is the one of the most common sexual dimorphic autoimmune diseases. This study demonstrates that female C57BL/6.NOD-Aec1Aec2 mice develop earlier onset and more severe symptoms of SjS than male counterparts. Therefore, the C57BL/6.NOD-Aec1Aec2 mouse model could be an appropriate model to study sexual dimorphism in SjS.

Summary: Stem cell niche dynamics are very robust to external and physiological perturbations because proliferation and differentiation are naturally balanced and controlled by the reliance on a shared niche environment.

Summary: This novel approach seeks to overcome the limitations of studying the role of individual cadherins in skeletal muscle fusion in vitro by selecting for myoblasts that express dominant-negative E-cadherin, and provides evidence that cadherins play an essential role in myoblast fusion.

Summary: Gene ontology enrichment analysis of genes associated with human TOP2B peaks, identified by whole genome ChIP seq used to identify regions of binding, highlighted a number of processes in neuronal development including axonogenesis and axon guidance.

Summary: Proteins containing BAR domains are known to generate membrane curvature. Some BAR domains generate tubules upon over-expression in cells, whereas others generate membrane protrusions. We demonstrate that Sh3px1, the Drosophila ortholog of the Snx9 family, is capable of inducing both tubules and protrusions.

Summary: HIO-seeded PGA/PLLA scaffolds thrive in vivo and develop into tissue that looks nearly identical to adult human intestinal tissue. These scaffolds appear to be suitable for further tissue engineering approaches to develop functional intestine.

Summary: Connexin mimetic peptides can reduce the levels of connexin proteins in cells and can prevent the spread of cell death that occurs following ischemia reperfusion injury, which has therapeutic potential.

Summary: Four populations of E-cadherin are identified within cell junctions based on the molecular interactions which determine their size, mobility, and adhesive properties, and support association with the actin cytoskeleton as the first step in adhesion formation.

Summary: On six widely separated Scandinavian islands, an enlarged food base and intraspecific competition has caused the coal tit Parus ater to evolve morphologically in the direction of two absent competitors.

Summary: A knock-in mutation in intron 8 of Cul3 in mice led to decreased Cul3 protein expression. Decreased Cul3 protein expression alone did not cause pseudohypoaldosteronism type II (PHAII).

Summary: This study provides new insights into the biological functions of a histone demethylase and sheds light on the interaction between epigenetic mechanisms and signaling pathways in regulating stem cell activities.

Summary: Phages can exert important control on the structure of the bacterial community. By contrast, neither the archaeal community nor the cycling of nutrients seems to be affected by phage abundance.

Summary: Hox genes are required for postnatal skeletal growth. Hox11 genes function in the zeugopod skeletal elements and regulate longitudinal growth through controlling chondrocyte maturation within the growth plate.

Summary: We studied the effects of circadian genes and ambient temperature on the substrate-borne signals produced by fruit flies during courtship.

Summary: Multiple sleep acquisition systems provide efficient and accurate methods for measuring sleep duration in Drosophila, while video tracking and multibeam analysis allow for increased flexibility of behavioral paradigms and greater resolution of sleep architecture.

Summary: Formin mDia2 accumulates to the cytoplasmic side of the nuclear envelope and co-localizes with the nuclear pore complexes in an importin β-dependent manner.

Summary: Mib2 is dispensable for embryonic development and does not have redundant functions with Mib1 in Notch signalling, at least during early development stages in zebrafish.

Summary: The triploid marbled crayfish is a rare animal example of speciation by autopolyploidisation and parthenogenesis. It seems to be a particularly suitable model to study how much genetic and epigenetic change is necessary to create a new species.

Summary: A novel method for the generation of self-renewable, multipotent and neural lineage-restricted LIF-dependent induced primitive neural stem cells (LD-iNSCs) from human fibroblasts with the potential to facilitate human neuronal studies.