When cells in epithelial sheets are damaged by intrinsic or extrinsic causes, they are eliminated by extrusion from the sheet. Cell extrusion, which is required for maintenance of tissue integrity, is the consequence of contraction of actomyosin rings, as demonstrated by both molecular/cell biological experimentation and numerical simulation. However, quantitative evaluation of actomyosin contraction has not been performed because of the lack of a suitable direct measurement system. In this study, we developed a new method using a femtosecond laser to quantify the contraction force of the actomyosin ring during cell extrusion in zebrafish embryonic epithelia. In this system, an epithelial cell in zebrafish embryo is first damaged by direct femtosecond laser irradiation. Next, a femtosecond laser-induced impulsive force is loaded onto the actomyosin ring, and the contraction force is quantified to be on the order of kPa as a unit of pressure. We found that cell extrusion was delayed when the contraction force was slightly attenuated, suggesting that a relatively small force is sufficient to drive cell extrusion. Thus, our method is suitable for the relative quantitative evaluation of mechanical dynamics in the process of cell extrusion, and in principle the method is applicable to similar phenomena in different tissues and organs of various species.
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
METHODS & TECHNIQUES|
01 January 2017
Quantitative analysis of mechanical force required for cell extrusion in zebrafish embryonic epithelia
Sohei Yamada,
Sohei Yamada
1
Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan
Search for other works by this author on:
Takanori Iino,
Takanori Iino
2
Bio-Process Engineering, Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan
Search for other works by this author on:
Yasumasa Bessho,
Yasumasa Bessho
1
Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan
Search for other works by this author on:
Yoichiro Hosokawa,
Yoichiro Hosokawa
2
Bio-Process Engineering, Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan
Search for other works by this author on:
Takaaki Matsui
Takaaki Matsui
*
1
Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan
*Author for correspondence: matsui@bs.naist.jp
Search for other works by this author on:
Sohei Yamada
1
Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan
Takanori Iino
2
Bio-Process Engineering, Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan
Yasumasa Bessho
1
Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan
Yoichiro Hosokawa
2
Bio-Process Engineering, Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan
Takaaki Matsui
*
1
Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan
*Author for correspondence: matsui@bs.naist.jp
Received:
27 Jun 2017
Accepted:
05 Sep 2017
Funding
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
(NO AWARD)
© 2017. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd
2017
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.
Biol Open bio.027847.
Article history
Received:
27 Jun 2017
Accepted:
05 Sep 2017
Currently Viewing Accepted Manuscript - Newer Version Available
07 Sep 2017
- Standard view
- Views Icon Views
- PDF LinkPDF File PDFPDF+SI
-
Article Versions Icon
Versions
- Version of Record 07 September 2017
- Accepted Manuscript 01 January 2017
- Share Icon Share
-
Tools Icon
Tools
- Search Site
Citation
Sohei Yamada, Takanori Iino, Yasumasa Bessho, Yoichiro Hosokawa, Takaaki Matsui; Quantitative analysis of mechanical force required for cell extrusion in zebrafish embryonic epithelia. Biol Open 2017; bio.027847. doi: https://doi.org/10.1242/bio.027847
Download citation file: